Résumés
Résumé
Les programmes de mise au rancart volontaire de vieux véhicules ont comme objectif principal la réduction des émissions polluantes par le retrait anticipé de véhicules automobiles polluants en encourageant leurs propriétaires à les recycler en échange d’incitatifs. Très peu d’analyses des retombées des programmes de mise au rancart sur les populations à faible revenu existent dans la littérature. Cet article propose d’établir un cadre de réflexion sur l’aspect distributionnel de la justice environnementale associé aux programmes de recyclage et explore le programme fédéral Adieu Bazou, en vigueur sur le territoire québécois entre 2009 et 2011. Bien que les vieux véhicules se trouvent fréquemment dans des zones à faible revenu, le taux de participation de ces populations à de tels programmes suggère qu’elles s’abstiennent d’y prendre part, par manque d’intérêt ou de capacité à utiliser les incitatifs proposés. Les organismes qui financent ces programmes gagneraient à s’assurer que les populations à faible revenu recyclent leurs vieux véhicules.
Mots-clés:
- Incitatifs au transfert modal,
- qualité de l’air,
- justice environnementale,
- transport en commun,
- revenu,
- accès
Abstract
The main goal of a voluntary accelerated vehicle retirement program is to reduce emissions from older, more polluting vehicles by encouraging their owners to recycle them in exchange for different incentive rewards. Critics have argued that these programs create socio-economic and environmental imbalances in the case of low-income populations. A review of the literature reveals that few analyses of the impacts of such programs exist. Our article proposes a framework for reflection on the social distribution and environmental justice issues associated with recycling programs, for an analysis of the federal Retire Your Ride/Adieu Bazou program offered in Québec between 2009 and 2011. Although a proportionately greater number of older vehicules are owned by people in low income groups, their lower participation rates suggest either little interest or an incapacity to benefit from the vehicle retirement incentives offered. Funders of these programs need to ensure that members of low income groups have acceptable options to recycle their older vehicles.
Keywords:
- Modal transfer issues,
- air quality,
- environmental justice,
- public transit,
- income,
- access
Resumen
Los programas de desecho voluntario de vehículos vetustos tienen como objetivo principal el de reducir las emisiones contaminantes, retirando anticipadamente los vehículos automóviles contaminantes, alentando con incitativos sus propietarios a reciclarlos. En la documentación escrita, existen pocos estudios de resultados sobre programas de desecho voluntario realizados en poblaciones con bajos ingresos. En este artículo se propone una reflexión sobre el aspecto distributivo de la justicia ambiental asociada a programas de reciclaje y se analiza el programa federal Adieu Bazou, en territorio quebequense, entre los años 2009 y 2011. Generalmente, los cacharros están en zonas de poblaciones con bajos ingresos. La tasa de participación de esas poblaciones a tales programas sugiere su abstención, ya sea por falta de interés o de capacidad a utilizar los incitativos propuestos. Los organismos que financian esos programas deberían asegurarse que esas poblaciones reciclen sus vehículos vetustos.
Palabras claves:
- Incitativos al cambio modal,
- calidad del aire,
- justicia ambiental,
- transporte público,
- ingresos,
- acceso
Parties annexes
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