Résumés
Abstract
Existential suffering (ES) can be particularly prevalent among older adults, and with Canada’s growing aging population, addressing ES in senior care will be a pressing concern in coming years. ES is a side effect of aging that involves losing meaning, self-identity, autonomy, and hope. This paper focuses on one cause of ES among older adults, namely, the loss of meaning (LoM). Meaning becomes increasingly necessary for well-being at later stages in life, due to the positive effects it confers on mood, health, and longevity. I argue that when ES arises in healthcare settings, healthcare providers (HCPs) have a duty to 1) understand ES and LoM and 2) respond to older adults who experience ES because of LoM. HCPs may not be able to alleviate ES or LoM, but they are obliged to make a reasonable attempt. To justify this, I draw upon three fundamental values in healthcare: trust, compassion, and beneficence. By reflecting on each of these values, it becomes clear that ES and LoM deserve attention from HCPs. In addition to making this argument, I recognize that ES is not only limited to old age nor solely incumbent on HCPs to address. Broader social factors and public health initiatives can help people at all life stages to preserve meaning. In raising awareness in HCPs about ES due to LoM, this paper also provides a non-exhaustive list of three psychotherapies that deserve exploration and/or implementation for patients suffering from ES due to LoM, namely: Palliative Care Psychotherapy, Meaning-Centred Group Psychotherapy, and Dignity Therapy.
Keywords:
- existential suffering,
- older adults,
- loss of meaning,
- demoralization,
- palliative care,
- dignity therapy,
- clinical ethics
Résumé
La souffrance existentielle (SE) peut être particulièrement répandue chez les personnes âgées et compte tenu du vieillissement croissant de la population canadienne, la prise en compte de la SE dans les soins aux personnes âgées sera une préoccupation urgente dans les années à venir. La SE est un effet secondaire du vieillissement qui implique la perte de sens, d’identité personnelle, d’autonomie et d’espoir. Cet article se concentre sur l’une des causes de la SE chez les personnes âgées, à savoir la perte de sens (PS). Le sens devient de plus en plus nécessaire au bien-être à un stade avancé de la vie, en raison des effets positifs qu’il confère à l’humeur, à la santé et à la longévité. Je soutiens que lorsque la PS survient dans un contexte de soins de santé, les prestataires de soins de santé (PSS) ont le devoir 1) de comprendre la SE et la PS et 2) de répondre aux adultes plus âgés qui ont de la SE en raison de la PS. Les PSS peuvent ne pas être en mesure de soulager la SE ou la PS, mais ils sont obligés de faire une tentative raisonnable. Pour justifier cela, je m’appuie sur trois valeurs fondamentales des soins de santé : la confiance, la compassion et la bienfaisance. En réfléchissant à chacune de ces valeurs, il devient évident que la SE et la PS méritent l’attention des PSS. En plus de cet argument, je reconnais que la SE ne se limite pas à la vieillesse et qu’il n’incombe pas uniquement aux PSS de s’en préoccuper. Des facteurs sociaux plus larges et des initiatives de santé publique peuvent aider les personnes à tous les stades de la vie à préserver le sens. En sensibilisant les PSS à la SE dû à la PS, cet article fournit également une liste non exhaustive de trois psychothérapies qui méritent d’être explorées ou mises en oeuvre pour les patients souffrant de SE dû à la PS, à savoir : La psychothérapie en soins palliatifs, la psychothérapie de groupe centrée sur le sens et la thérapie de la dignité.
Mots-clés :
- souffrance existentielle,
- personnes âgées,
- perte de sens,
- démoralisation,
- soins palliatifs,
- thérapie de la dignité,
- éthique clinique
Parties annexes
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