Résumés
Résumé
Nous proposons dans ce texte une hypothèse explicative de la méfiance plus grande observée entre des individus différents les uns des autres sur un aspect identitaire jugé pertinent par ceux-ci. Nous débutons par présenter une esquisse de définition de la confiance et nous plaçons les normes de rationalité et de moralité au centre de cette définition. Nous faisons confiance à autrui pour qu’il respecte certaines normes explicites ou implicites. Cette définition nous permet d’éviter deux écueils : celui de considérer qu’il est immoral de ne pas faire confiance à autrui, et celui de considérer qu’il est irrationnel de ne pas faire confiance à autrui. Nous ne pouvons donc pas critiquer la tendance à ne pas faire confiance à des individus différents d’un pont de vue moral ou rationnel. Nous terminons en proposant une hypothèse permettant d’expliquer comment peut émerger la méfiance entre individus différents.
Abstract
In this paper, I offer a hypothesis explaining how and why lower trust levels are observed between people who consider themselves as different on a relevant identity variable. I begin by clarifying the central aspects of a definition of trust built around the idea that trusting someone is basically trusting to follow some norms. These norms can be implicit or explicit; they can be norms of rationality and norms of morality. We trust people to act rationally or morally, which is different from trusting rationally or morally. I argue that defining trust as rational or moral is a mistake and so the lower trust level towards different people cannot be criticized from a rational or moral point of view. I conclude the paper by offering a possible explanation of this lower trust level based on my proposed definition.
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
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