Résumés
Résumé
Déjà dans les années 1950, les archéologues new-yorkais utilisent la variabilité des perles de verre pour dater les sites iroquoiens. En Ontario, les archéologues vont élaborer une série de Glass Bead Periods (GBP) comme outil de datation, qui s’avèrent toutefois imparfaites pour le territoire québécois. Ce travail propose une sériation des perles du littoral qui s’étend de Tadoussac au nord du Labrador, et identifie neuf « complexes » s’échelonnant de 1540 à 1890 environ. La sériation se veut une aide à la datation d’autres collections au Québec-Labrador. En outre, nous rattachons les perles à leurs lieux de fabrication et à leurs « réseaux de diffusion » transatlantiques, ce qui révèle des tendances que les recherches futures pourront approfondir. Enfin, le travail de sériation apporte de nouveaux éléments à la datation des sites iroquoiens dans l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent, et clarifie les occupations multiples du site majeur de Red Bay, Labrador.
Abstract
As early as the 1950s, New York archaeologists used the variability of glass beads to date Iroquoian sites. In Ontario, archaeologists developed a series of Glass Bead Periods (GBP) as a dating tool, which however had limited value in Québec. This article proposes a seriation of beads found along the coast from Tadoussac to northern Labrador, and identifies nine bead “complexes” that run from 1540 to 1890 approximately. This seriation may serve as a dating aid for other collections in Québec-Labrador. We also link bead types to their places of manufacture and their transatlantic “distribution networks”, revealing tendencies that future research may explore in more detail. Research for the seriation finally brings new information to the dating of Iroquoian sites in the Saint Lawrence estuary, and clarifies the multiple occupations of the major site at Red Bay, Labrador.
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
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