Résumés
Résumé
Cette étude examine la gestion interculturelle (GI) des immigrants hautement qualifiés (IHQ) au sein des organisations, un sujet crucial en raison de l’augmentation significative des migrations depuis les années 1990 dans les pays occidentaux. L’objectif principal est de fournir une synthèse intégrée de l’état des connaissances actuelles sur les stratégies de GI concernant les IHQ et d’identifier les déterminants de ces stratégies. Pour ce faire, une revue narrative de la littérature a été réalisée en adoptant une approche analytique inductive. Une recherche documentaire quasi systématique dans quatre bases de données a conduit à la sélection de 30 articles pertinents pour l’analyse. Les résultats de l’étude ont permis d’identifier quatre stratégies organisationnelles principales de GI : l’interculturalisme, l’assimilation culturelle, l’inclusion multiculturelle et la synergie culturelle. Par ailleurs, l’étude souligne l’importance des stratégies individuelles d’acculturation adoptées par les IHQ. L’alignement entre les stratégies organisationnelles de GI et les stratégies individuelles d’acculturation est crucial pour une intégration efficace. Parallèlement, les déterminants de la GI ont été identifiés et classés selon trois catégories : individuel, de groupe et organisationnel. Ces facteurs interagissent pour influencer le processus d’intégration des IHQ et la réussite des stratégies de GI. Cette étude apporte une contribution en soulignant que la GI des IHQ est un sujet multidimensionnel et que son efficacité dépend des stratégies organisationnelles et des stratégies individuelles d’acculturation des IHQ. Elle souligne également l’importance pour les gestionnaires d’établir des attentes claires en matière de diversité culturelle et d’adopter des pratiques de gestion adaptées. Des recherches futures sont suggérées pour approfondir l’interdépendance entre les stratégies individuelles des IHQ et les stratégies organisationnelles de GI, ainsi que pour combiner les différents déterminants identifiés sur une période prolongée afin de mieux comprendre leur impact sur l’intégration des IHQ.
Mots-clés :
- stratégies de gestion interculturelle,
- immigrants hautement qualifiés,
- diversité culturelle,
- inclusion,
- acculturation
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
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