Résumés
Abstract
This study explores the purposeful interbreeding of Greenland sled dogs and Arctic wolves in Avanersuaq, North Greenland. The paper is based on qualitative data gathered during extensive interviews using North Greenlandic/Polar Inuit dialects and Kalaallisut in North and West Greenland and from relevant literature on the relationships between dog sled driver, sled dog, and Arctic wolf, including genetic studies of Greenland sled dogs. The intent of the study is to understand the human practice of interbreeding sled dogs and wolves in Greenland. Among Greenlanders, it is widely believed that the Greenland sled dog and the Arctic wolf once mated and have had offspring, and that these hybrids have been transformed into Greenland sled dogs. Somehow, today’s storytelling of the wolf-dog is taking the shape of a myth. The question remains: If it did happen, how did it begin and how did it end, and what is the truth behind the story? We thus take a qualitative approach to investigating this phenomenon of the interbreeding of Greenland sled dogs and Arctic wolves. Results show that the Arctic wolf and the Greenland sled dog have indeed crossed paths and have been purposefully interbred, which has resulted in documented cases of wolf-dogs in the sled dog communities of North Greenland.
Keywords:
- Arctic wolf,
- breeding,
- Greenland,
- hunting dog,
- hybrid,
- local and traditional Indigenous Inughuit/Kalaallit/Greenlander’s knowledge,
- qimmeq,
- sled dog
Résumé
Cette étude explore le métissage volontaire des chiens de traîneau du Groenland et des loups arctiques à Avanersuaq, au nord du Groenland. L’article est basé sur des données qualitatives recueillies lors d’entretiens approfondis en dialectes inuit du Groenland du Nord et en kalaallisut dans le nord et l’ouest du Groenland, ainsi que sur l’analyse de documents pertinents au sujet des relations entre les conducteurs de chiens de traîneau, les chiens de traîneau et les loups arctiques, y compris des études génétiques sur les chiens de traîneau du Groenland. L’objectif de l’étude vise à comprendre la pratique humaine consistant à croiser les chiens de traîneau et les loups au Groenland. Parmi les Groenlandais, on pense généralement que le chien de traîneau du Groenland et le loup arctique se sont accouplés et ont eu une descendance, et que ces hybrides ont été transformés en chiens de traîneau du Groenland. D’une certaine manière, l’histoire actuelle du chien-loup prend la forme d’un mythe. La question reste posée : si cela s’est produit, comment cela a-t-il commencé et comment cela s’est-il terminé, et quelle est la vérité derrière cette histoire ? Nous avons donc adopté une approche qualitative pour étudier ce phénomène de croisement entre les chiens de traîneau du Groenland et les loups arctiques. Les résultats montrent que le loup arctique et le chien de traîneau du Groenland se sont effectivement croisés et ont été volontairement croisés, ce qui a donné lieu à des cas documentés de chiens-loups dans les communautés de chiens de traîneau du nord du Groenland.
Mots-clés :
- Loup arctique,
- élevage,
- Groenland,
- chien de chasse,
- savoir local et traditionnel des Inughuit/Kalaallit/Groenlandais,
- hybride
Parties annexes
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