Abstracts
Résumé
L’article explore le leadership de l’Union européenne (UE) à la zone de confluence de régimes internationaux qui se chevauchent. L’UE était un leader dans le régime international environnemental. Les forêts étant couvertes par ce régime, il est question de savoir si le leadership environnemental de l’UE se diffuse du régime environnemental vers le régime des forêts. L’article conduit une analyse diachronique du leadership de l’UE dans trois institutions multilatérales environnementales (la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies contre les changements climatiques, la Convention sur la lutte contre la désertification, et la Convention sur la diversité biologique) entre 1992 et 2019, afin de tester son leadership, dont les indicateurs sont son ambition et son isolement. Seule une UE comparativement ambitieuse dans ses positions et capable de générer du soutien pour celles-ci de la part des conégociateurs de manière simultanée peut être considérée comme ayant du leadership. L’article démontre que l’UE ne bénéficie pas du statut de leader forestier dans le régime international environnemental, ce qui indique l’imperméabilité du leadership d’un régime à l’autre.
Mots-clés :
- Forêts,
- Union européenne,
- environnement,
- régime international fragmenté
Abstract
The article explores EU’s leadership across overlapping regimes. The EU was a leader in the international environmental regime. Forests being at the overlap of the environmental and other regimes, it is worth studying whether EU’s environmental leadership spreads to these overlapping zones. The article carries out a diachronic study of EU’s leadership about the forest component of three multilateral environmental institutions (the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Convention to Combat Desertification, and the Convention on Biological Diversity), from 1992 to 2019. The two conditions tested, indicating EU leadership, are EU ambition and isolation. The EU is considered a leader when it simultaneously has highly ambitious positions on forests (comparatively to its negotiation partners) and is able to build coalitions of actors around these positions. The study demonstrates that the EU cannot be qualified a forest leader in environmental institutions, indicating a lack of permeability between actors’ status across overlapping international regimes.
Keywords:
- Forest,
- European Union,
- environment,
- fragmented international regime
Appendices
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