Abstracts
Abstract
This article situates collaborative (re)translation in the first decades of the Turkish Republic within a wider concept of imece (collective work), which sought to modernize the country in every field. İmece translations, produced primarily by the state-governed Translation Bureau (1940-1966), were wide-ranging endeavours that included the selection of texts, the creation of translations by several actants (who often contextualized the translations with paratexts), and the publishing of such translations. Within this context, the focus of the article is Azra Erhat, a distinguished translator, intellectual, and academic trained in this environment, where translation was not seen as a profession executed in solitude, but one that required the help and input of other agents as part of a broader cultural program. It explores two of her well-documented imece retranslations to shed light on these collaborative projects: Homer’s Iliad and Sappho’s poems, which she translated with two established poets, A. Kadir and Cengiz Bektaş, respectively. The article also discusses issues regarding subjectivity and retranslation as revealed in many of Erhat’s paratextual and extratextual statements, argues for a wider definition of subjectivity beyond the translation act, and establishes completeness, accuracy, and direct translation from the source text as the main motivations for retranslation.
Keywords:
- imece,
- Azra Erhat,
- collaborative (re)translation,
- subjectivity
Résumé
Cette étude situe la (re)traduction collaborative des premières décennies de la République turque dans un concept plus large de travail collectif, imece, visant à moderniser le pays dans tous les domaines. Les traductions imece, produites en particulier par le Bureau officiel de la traduction (1940-1966), étaient très variées et comprenaient une série d’activités : la sélection des textes, la production des traductions par plusieurs acteurs, qui contextualisaient souvent ces dernières avec des paratextes, et, enfin, la publication des traductions. Dans ce contexte, l’article se concentre sur Azra Erhat, une traductrice, intellectuelle et universitaire éminente, formée dans un environnement où la traduction n’était pas considérée comme une profession exercée en solitaire, mais comme une activité qui nécessitait l’aide et l’apport d’autres agents dans un projet de planification culturelle. Deux de ses retraductions imece sont examinées pour illustrer de tels projets de collaboration : L’Illiade d’Homère et les poèmes de Sappho, qu’elle a traduits en collaboration avec deux poètes reconnus, A. Kadir et Cengiz Bektaş, respectivement. L’étude aborde également les questions relatives à la subjectivité et à la retraduction qui émergent dans de nombreuses déclarations paratextuelles et extratextuelles d’Azra Erhat et plaide en faveur d’une définition plus large de la subjectivité au-delà de l’acte de traduction. Il en ressort que l’exhaustivité, la justesse et la traduction directe à partir de l’original sont les principales motivations de la retraduction.
Mots-clés :
- imece,
- Azra Erhat,
- (re)traduction collaborative,
- subjectivité
Appendices
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