Abstracts
Abstract
Sabahattin Ali (1907-1948) is a prominent figure in Turkish literary history. He was not only a renowned writer and journalist but also a notable translator. He was one of the founding members of the state-sponsored Translation Bureau (1940-1966). He translated many books, short stories, and articles from German into Turkish, both within and outside the Bureau. In the 1930s and 1940s, however, his socialist and Marxist convictions came to the forefront. He was imprisoned several times for disseminating socialist and communist propaganda. The periodicals he published and the works he wrote were banned and confiscated by the government. Despite the persecution he suffered, Ali held to his belief that socialism (and in particular, Marxism) was the only path toward national development and the only solution to the social and economic problems of the country. With this motivation in mind, he aimed to disseminate leftist ideas in the Turkish culture by way of translation. Even though Ali was an effective and productive translator, his translation-related activities have not attracted adequate attention among researchers. This study, therefore, aims to reinstate Sabahattin Ali as a translator, as well as a political and cultural agent. By referring to the concepts of “culture repertoire,” “resistance,” and “culture planning” proposed by Itamar Even-Zohar (1997, 2002), it explores Ali’s resistance to the culture planning project of the single-party era of 1923-1945 and his attempts to develop an alternative repertoire of leftist works through translation. To give a wider picture of his ideologically motivated translational activities, certain primary sources available on Sabahattin Ali are analyzed, such as his published correspondence and the memoirs of his close circle of family and friends, which testify to his translation-related practices, to his political views and endeavours, as well as to the socio-political climate of the 1930s and 1940s in Turkey.
Keywords:
- translation and ideology,
- agency,
- resistance,
- Republican Turkey,
- Sabahattin Ali
Résumé
Sabahattin Ali (1907-1948) est une figure éminente de l’histoire littéraire turque. Il était non seulement un écrivain et un journaliste renommé, mais aussi un traducteur remarquable. Il a été l’un des membres fondateurs du Bureau de la traduction (1940-1966), financé par l’État. Il a traduit de nombreux livres, nouvelles et articles de l’allemand vers le turc, tant à l’intérieur qu’à l’extérieur du Bureau. Dans les années 1930 et 1940, cependant, ses convictions socialistes et marxistes se sont retrouvées au premier plan. Il a été emprisonné à plusieurs reprises pour avoir fait de la propagande socialiste et communiste. Les périodiques qu’il a publiés et les oeuvres qu’il a écrites ont été interdits et confisqués par le gouvernement. Malgré la persécution qu’il a subie, Ali est resté fidèle à sa conviction que le socialisme (et le marxisme) était la seule solution au développement national et aux problèmes sociaux et économiques du pays. Avec cette idée en tête, il a cherché à diffuser les idées de gauche dans la culture turque au moyen de la traduction. Même si Ali était un traducteur efficace et productif, ses activités liées à la traduction n’ont pas suffisamment attiré l’attention des chercheurs. Cette étude vise donc à réhabiliter Sabahattin Ali en tant que traducteur et agent politique et culturel. En nous référant aux concepts de « répertoire culturel », de « résistance » et de « planification culturelle » proposés par Itamar Even-Zohar (1997, 2002), nous explorons la résistance d’Ali au projet de planification culturelle de l’ère du parti unique (1923-1945), et ses tentatives de développer un répertoire alternatif d’oeuvres gauchistes par le biais de la traduction. Afin de donner une image complète de ses activités de traduction motivées par l’idéologie, nous nous penchons sur certaines sources primaires disponibles sur Sabahattin Ali tels que sa correspondance publiée et les mémoires de son entourage proche, qui témoignent de ses pratiques liées à la traduction, de ses opinions et engagements politiques, ainsi que du climat sociopolitique des années 1930 et 1940 en Turquie.
Mots-clés :
- traduction et idéologie,
- agentivité,
- résistance,
- Turquie républicaine,
- Sabahattin Ali
Appendices
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