Abstracts
Abstract
Rachid Djaïdani’s Boumkoeur (1999) exposes the inheritance of colonial anthropological thinking that dominates the reception and production of French minority literature of the banlieue. By using the ethnographic document as a textual template, Djaïdani situates his narrator, Yaz, in the space of negotiation in which colonial ethnographers and their native informants interacted in the field. Describing the French banlieue as a postcolonial ethnographic field, Djaïdani shows how Yaz as a narrator-ethnographer participates in tasks of cultural and linguistic translation. The novel directs the reader’s attention away from the production of an authentic representation of cultural difference. Instead, the novel suggests a new form of literary translation capable of abiding by translation ethics that aim to render in the target language meaningful signs of the complex cultural history of “minor” texts (Deleuze and Guattari, 1987 [1980]; Venuti, 1996) in the source language. The novel serves as an experimental literary ethnography, conceived as a new form of translation, in which the translator is an ethnographer, and the act of translation is one of linguistic and cultural translation. In this new form of translation, the translator is present in the text as an active agent. This presence makes palpable the fraught negotiations out of which any translation is born; moreover, the translator is invested with the functions of the author, adding a new literary element to the act of translation.
Keywords:
- banlieue,
- translation,
- literary ethnography,
- Djaïdani
Résumé
Boumkoeur (1999), le premier roman de Rachid Djaïdani, dévoile l’héritage de la pensée de l’anthropologie coloniale qui conditionne encore la réception et la production de la littérature minoritaire française de la banlieue. En utilisant le document ethnographique comme modèle textuel, Boumkoeur place son narrateur, Yaz, dans un espace de négociation où les ethnographes coloniaux et leurs native informants interagissent sur le terrain. Décrivant la banlieue française comme un terrain ethnographique, Djaïdani montre comment Yaz, en tant que narrateur-ethnographe, prend part à des tâches de traduction culturelle et linguistique. Le roman détourne l’attention du lecteur de la production d’une représentation authentique de la différence culturelle. Échappant à l’attente stéréotypée, il suggère une nouvelle forme de traduction littéraire se conformant à une éthique de traduction qui vise à rendre clairs, dans la langue cible, des signes essentiels de la complexité de l’histoire culturelle de textes « mineurs » (minor mode) (Deleuze and Guattari, 1987 [1980]; Venuti, 1996) dans la langue source. Le roman propose une ethnographie littéraire expérimentale, conçue comme une forme nouvelle de traduction, où le traducteur est ethnographe, et où l’acte de traduction est acte de traduction linguistique et culturelle. Dans cette nouvelle forme de traduction, le traducteur a une présence active dans le texte. Cette présence aide à établir la réalité de la traduction comme acte de négociation; de plus, dans l’ethnographie littéraire, le traducteur est investi des fonctions de l’auteur, ajoutant ainsi un nouvel élément littéraire à l’acte de traduction.
Mots-clés :
- banlieue,
- traduction,
- ethnographie littéraire,
- Djaïdani
Appendices
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