Abstracts
Abstract
In his discussion of the habitus of translators throughout history, Simeoni highlights the submissiveness and invisibility associated with their inferior position and with their tendency to assimilate and internalize these views of their professional activities. In keeping with recent reappraisals of this position, the present paper examines the ways in which translators of Russian literature into Hebrew, from the 1970s to now, present themselves, their work and their profession—and reflect on their habitus, their conduct in the system of Russian literature translation, and their practice. From the theories of Bourdieu and of Even-Zohar, we explore these self-representations, and find that rather than presenting themselves as invisible, passive and professionally indistinct, these translators make a point of announcing their presence as well as of emphasizing their work. While they adopt different models, they nevertheless share a repertoire and both a social and a professional habitus—one that is a prerequisite for entering the field of literary translation, and particularly the subfield of literary translation of Russian literature, and for operating successfully in these arenas. It is in this way that they achieve status in the culture, accumulate capital and construct their (distinctive) group identity. In addition, the discourse of Russian literary translators points to the dynamic nature of their system and helps push it towards the center of the polysystem of Hebrew translated literature.
Keywords:
- translators’ self-presentations,
- literary translation,
- habitus,
- repertoire,
- models
Résumé
Dans sa réflexion sur l’habitus des traducteurs à travers l’histoire, Simeoni met en relief la soumission et l’invisibilité découlant de la position d’infériorité de ces derniers et de leur tendance à assimiler et à intérioriser cette perception de leur activité. Dans la lignée de récentes remises en question de cette position, le présent article examine la façon dont les traducteurs de la littérature russe en hébreu, de 1970 à nos jours, représentent leur travail, eux-mêmes et leur profession, ainsi que la façon dont ils réfléchissent à leur propre habitus, à leur rôle dans le système de la traduction de la littérature russe et à leur pratique. À partir des théories de Bourdieu et d’Even Zohar, cet article explore l’image que projettent ces traducteurs et conclut que, loin de se présenter comme invisibles, passifs ou dénués de signe distinctif professionnel, ils affirment leur présence et valorisent leur travail. Si les modèles qu'ils adoptent sont variés, ces traducteurs partagent néanmoins un même répertoire et un même habitus, tant général que professionnel. Cet habitus constitue une condition d’entrée dans le champ de la traduction littéraire (et plus particulièrement dans le système de la traduction de la littérature russe) ainsi que pour s’y tailler une place. C’est ainsi que ces traducteurs acquièrent une position au sein de la culture, qu’ils accumulent différents types de capital et se façonnent une identité collective distincte. En outre, leur discours révèle la nature dynamique de leur système et contribue à déplacer ce dernier vers le centre du polysystème de la littérature traduite en hébreu.
Mots-clés :
- habitus,
- image des traducteurs,
- traduction littéraire,
- répertoire,
- capital symbolique
Appendices
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