Abstracts
Abstract
Despite Barthes’s claim that the author is dead, leaving the scene for his work, freed from its all too personal origin, I would like to argue that the author image is far from absent in the practice of literary translation. On the one hand, the author’s image within a particular literary and social system may determine which work is translated, and even how it is translated. On the other hand, it seems likely that some characteristics of a persona will be highlighted more than others, depending on which source texts are selected for translation and on how the author and his or her works are presented in prefaces and commentaries accompanying the translations. Moreover, the translation strategy may enhance the prevailing tendencies within reception and thus contribute to a certain perception of the author in the target culture. In this paper I will investigate these hypothetical connections, taking as an example the Spanish author Federico García Lorca and a number of translations of his Romancero gitano (1928) into French, English, and Dutch. I will examine a possible correlation between the prevailing “folkloristic” image of Lorca in the early literary criticism, and the emphasis on romantic, naïve and mythological aspects in translations of his work, and conversely, the later, more complex and gloomy image presented of the author, and translation strategies which highlight elements that correspond to that view.
Keywords:
- authorial image,
- reception,
- ideology,
- Federico García Lorca,
- translational norms
Résumé
À l’encontre de l’affirmation de Barthes voulant que l’auteur soit mort, laissant place à son oeuvre, délivrée de ses origines personnelles, je soutiens que l’image de l’auteur est loin d’être absente de la pratique de la traduction littéraire. D’une part, l’image de l’auteur dans un système littéraire et social donné peut déterminer quels ouvrages sont traduits et comment ils sont traduits. D’autre part, il est probable que certaines caractéristiques d’une personne soient mises en valeur plus que d’autres, selon le choix des textes originaux traduits et la présentation faite de l’auteur et de son oeuvre dans les préfaces et autres commentaires accompagnant les traductions. De plus, les stratégies de traduction vont souvent dans le sens des tendances dominantes de réception et contribuent ainsi à réaffirmer une certaine perception de l’auteur dans la culture d’arrivée. Dans le cadre de cet article, j’explorerai ces hypothèses en prenant l’exemple de l’auteur espagnol Federico García Lorca et de quelques traductions de son Romancero gitano (1929) vers le français, l’anglais et le néerlandais. J’examinerai la corrélation possible entre l’image « folklorisante » de Lorca dans les premières études critiques et l’emphase mise sur le côté romantique, naïf et mythologique dans les traductions de son oeuvre, et inversement la corrélation entre l’image plus sombre et complexe présentée de l’auteur plus tard et les stratégies de traduction qui font ressortir les éléments qui correspondent à cette vision.
Mots-clés:
- image de l’auteur,
- réception,
- idéologie,
- Federico García Lorca,
- normes traductionnelles
Appendices
References
- French
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Primary sources
French, English, and Dutch complete or partial translations of Romancero gitano (including at least “Romance de la luna, luna”) available in the Netherlands and Belgium.