Abstracts
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore effective strategies for successful collective improvisation in laptop orchestras. Collective music-making requires listening to and interacting with others in order to create a cohesive performance. However, musical expression also involves a sense of agency (Maus 1991; Levinson 2004), which may be perceived most prominently when individuals take temporary creative leadership roles and intentionally destabilize the sense of cohesion, either to rejuvenate it or to catalyze change. In my experience teaching and directing the Concordia Laptop Orchestra (CLOrk), I have observed that orchestra members learn to be attentive to stabilization and cohesion and to apply those concepts to their music-making relatively quickly, but that they have more difficulty learning and applying destabilization and catalysis techniques. Through interviews and questionnaires with CLOrk members, I have learned that the obstacles to taking destabilizing actions while improvising may be technical (primarily monitoring challenges), personal (ego depletion and attentional limits), and/or social (risks of peer rejection, exclusion, and shame). CLOrk members proposed strategies to address these challenges, including (1) arranging the orchestra in subgroups to improve audio monitoring coherence and to reduce attentional load and (2) communicating regularly about all relevant matters, including emotional and social obstacles in order to promote a mindful environment of sharing and a safe space for trial and error in the creative process.
Résumé
L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer des stratégies efficaces pour une improvisation réussie dans un contexte d’orchestre d’ordinateurs portatifs. La musique collective nécessite une écoute et une interaction avec les autres afin d’offrir une performance cohérente. Pourtant, l’expression musicale implique également une agentivité (Maus 1991 ; Levinson 2004), qui est le plus souvent perçue lorsque les individus prennent temporairement des rôles de décideurs créatifs dans lesquels ils posent des actions qui déstabilisent le sentiment de cohésion, soit pour le renouveler ou pour servir de catalyseur de changement. Durant mon expérience en tant que professeur et chef du Concordia Laptop Orchestra (CLOrk), j’ai observé que les membres de l’orchestre apprennent à être attentifs à la stabilisation et à la cohésion, et appliquent ces concepts assez rapidement à leur pratique musicale ; cependant, ils ont plus de difficulté à assimiler et appliquer les techniques de déstabilisation et de catalyse. Grâce à des questionnaires et des entrevues passés auprès des membres de CLOrk, j’ai découvert que les obstacles à l’action déstabilisante en cours d’improvisation peuvent être de nature technique (surtout des défis de contrôle), personnelle (fatigue décisionnelle et limites de l’attention), et/ou sociale (risques de rejet par les pairs, d’exclusion ou de honte). Les membres de CLOrk proposent des stratégies pour faire face à ces défis, incluant 1) organiser l’orchestre en sous-groupes pour améliorer la cohérence du contrôle audio et diminuer la charge attentionnelle et 2) discuter régulièrement de sujets pertinents tels que les obstacles sociaux et émotionnels, afin de créer un environnement attentif au partage et un espace sécuritaire qui permette les essais et les erreurs au cours du processus créatif.
Appendices
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