Abstracts
Résumé
Les données ouvertes liées peuvent produire un environnement scientifique plus interconnecté et plus navigable qui permet : une meilleure intégration des matériaux de recherche ; la possibilité d’aborder les spécificités de la nomenclature, des discours et des méthodologies ; et la capacité de respecter les investissements institutionnels et individuels. Cet article propose une écologie de la publication des données liées basée sur la mise en place de collaborations entre les communautés des chercheurs, des éditeurs et des bibliothèques. Cette vision est tempérée par l’état des pratiques de publication des données liées et les lacunes infrastructurelles en ce qui concerne la possibilité de telles collaborations, en particulier dans le domaine des sciences humaines et sociales. Addendum : Cet article a été publié à l’origine dans Scholarly and Research Communication en 2015. Bien que certaines des informations ne soient plus aussi pertinentes, l’article présente une problématique qui a depuis été abordée par un certain nombre d’initiatives, notamment les projects Linked Infrastrucutre for Networked Cultural Scholarship (LINCS), Revue 2.0, et Information Economy Meta-Language (IEML).
Mots-clés :
- connaissance du public,
- diffusion des connaissances,
- production du savoir,
- humanités numériques,
- gestion de contenu
Abstract
Linked open data can produce a more interconnected and navigable scientific environment that enables: better integration of research materials; the ability to address the specifics of nomenclature, discourse, and methodologies; and the ability to respect institutional and individual investments. This paper proposes an ecology of linked data publication based on the establishment of collaborations between the communities of researchers, publishers, and libraries. This view is tempered by the state of practice in publishing linked data and infrastructural gaps in the potential for such collaborations, particularly in the humanities and social sciences. Addendum: This article was originally published in Scholarly and Research Communication in 2015. While some of the information therein may not be as pertinent today, it presents a challenge that has since been undertaken by a number of initiatives, most notably the Linked Infrastructure for Networked Cultural Scholarship (LINCS) project, Revue 2.0, and the Information Economy Meta-Language (IEML).
Keywords:
- public knowledge,
- knowledge dissemination,
- knowledge production,
- digital humanities,
- content management
Appendices
Bibliographie
- Benardou, Agiatis, Panos Constantopoulos, Costis Dallas, et Dimitris Gavrilis. 2010. « Understanding the information requirements of arts and humanities scholarship ». International Journal of Digital Curation 5 (1):18‑33.
- « British Museum Collection ». 2015. https://old.datahub.io/dataset/british-museum-collection.
- Brown, Susan. 2011. « Don’t Mind the Gap: Evolving Digital Modes of Scholarly Production across the Digital-Humanities Divide ». In Retooling the humanities: The culture of research in Canadian universities, édité par Daniel Coleman et Smaro Kamboureli, 203‑31. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press. http://hdl.handle.net/10402/era.25382.
- Brown, Susan, et John Simpson. 2013. « The curious identity of Michael Field and its implications for humanities research with the semantic web ». In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, 77‑85. IEEE. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6691674&tag=1.
- Bulger, M, E Meyer, De la FlorG, M Terras, S Wyatt, M Jirotka, K Eccles, et others. 2011. « Reinventing research? Information practices in the humanities ». Information Practices in the Humanities (March 2011). A Research Information Network Report.
- Crane, Gregory. 2006. « What do you do with a million books? » D-Lib magazine 12 (3). Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
- « DBpedia ». 2015. https://wiki.dbpedia.org/.
- « Digital Environmental Humanities ». 2015. https://dig-eh.org/.
- « Dublin Core Metada Initiative ». 2015. https://www.dublincore.org/.
- Egerton, Frank N. 2013. « History of ecological sciences, part 47: Ernst Haeckel’s ecology ». The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 94 (3). JSTOR:222‑44.
- « eMOP: Early Modern OCR Project ». 2015. https://emop.tamu.edu/.
- Europeana. 2014. « Linked Open Data ». Europeana Pro. https://pro.europeana.eu/page/linked-open-data.
- Fons, Ted. 2014. « Transforming bibliographic records into linked open data (LOD) ». Panel presentation at the Coalition for Networked Information Fall 2014. https://www.cni.org/topics/information-access-retrieval/exposing-library-collections-on-the-web-challenges-and-lessons-learned.
- Godby, Jean, Karen Smith-Yoshimura, Bruce Washburn, Knudson DavisKalan, Karen Detling, Fernsebner EslaoChristine, Steven Folsom, et al. 2019. « Creating Library Linked Data with Wikibase: Lessons Learned from Project Passage ». OCLC Research Report. https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/publications/2019/oclcresearch-creating-library-linked-data-with-wikibase-project-passage.pdf.
- Hegde, Medha. 2012. « Ecotones: the transitional zones ». Biotech Articles, nᵒ 12. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biology-Article/Ecotones-The-Transitional-Zones-2191.html.
- Hendler, Jim, et others. 2011. « Why the Semantic Web will never work ». In 7th Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2011), Crete, Greece. http://videolectures.net/eswc2011_hendler_work/.
- Internet Philosophy Ontology (InPhO) Project. s. d. « The InPhO Project ». Consulté le 19 juin 2020. https://www.inphoproject.org/.
- Jaeger, Paul T, Jimmy Lin, Justin M Grimes, et Shannon N Simmons. 2009. « Where is the cloud? Geography, economics, environment, and jurisdiction in cloud computing ». First Monday 14 (5).
- Klein, Max. 2012. « VIAFbot Debriefing ». OCLC Research. https://hangingtogether.org/?p=2306.
- Krafft, Dean, et Tom Cramer. 2014. « Video: Linked Data For Libraries (LD4L) Project Update ». Coalition for Networked Information. https://www.cni.org/news/video-linked-data-for-libraries-ld4l-project-update.
- Lam, Dominic. 2014. « Big Data Challenges in Social Sciences & Humanities Research ». Datanami. https://www.datanami.com/2014/09/08/big-data-challenges-social-sciences-humanities-research/.
- « Learn More About WorldCat Works ». 2015. OCLC Developer Network. https://www.oclc.org/developer/news/2014/learn-more-about-worldcat-works.en.html.
- « Linked Data for Libraries (LD4L) ». 2014. https://wiki.lyrasis.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=41354028.
- LODE: Linked Open Data Enhancer. s. d. « Gihub Linkedhumanities/lode ». Consulté le 19 juin 2020. https://github.com/linkedhumanities/lode.
- McCarty, William. 2005. Humanities Computing. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
- Nardi, Bonnie, et O’DayVicki. 1999. « Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart-Chapter Four ». First Monday 4 (5). Valauskas, Edward J. http://firstmonday.org/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/672/582.
- OCLC Research. 2014. « Scholars’ Contributions to VIAF ». https://www.oclc.org/research/areas/data-science/viaf-scholars.html.
- « Open Annotation Data Model ». 2013. http://www.openannotation.org/spec/core/.
- Pan-Canadian Documentary Heritage Network. s. d. « Linked Open Data (LOD) Visualization “Proof-of-Concept.” ». Canadiana. Consulté le 13 septembre 2015. http://www.canadiana.ca/sites/pub.canadiana.ca/files/PCDHN\%20Proof-of-concept\_Final-Report-ENG\_0.pdf.
- Price, Gary. 2012. « Video: “Out of the Trenches: A Linked Open Data Project” From the Pan-Canadian Documentary Heritage Network ». LJ infoDOCKET. https://www.infodocket.com/2012/10/25/video-out-of-the-trenches-a-linked-open-data-project-from-pan-canadian-documentary-heritage-network/.
- Risser, Paul G. 1990. « The ecological importance of land-water ecotones ». In The ecology and management of aquatic-terrestrial ecotones, édité par H Décamps et Naiman R J, 7‑21. Paris: UNESCO.
- « Schema.org ». 2015. https://schema.org/.
- Searle, John R. 1995. The construction of social reality. New York: Simon; Schuster.
- Simpson, John Edward, Susan Brown, et Lisa Goddard. 2013. « A Humanist Perspective on Building Ontologies in Theory and Practice. » In Digital Humanities Conference Abstracts 2013, édité par University of Nebraska, 403‑5. Lincoln. http://dh2013.unl.edu/abstracts/ab-413.html.
- Smith-Yoshimura, Karen, David Michelson, et Beth Mardutho. 2013. « Irreconcilable differences? Name authority control & humanities scholarship ». OCLC Research. http://hangingtogether.org/?p=2621.
- « The Muninn Project ». 2015. http://blog.muninn-project.org/.
- The Stanford Natural Language Processing Group. s. d. « Software > Stanford Named Entity Recognizer (NER) ». Consulté le 19 juin 2020. https://nlp.stanford.edu/software/CRF-NER.html.
- Uddin, Mueen, et Azizah Abdul Rahman. 2011. « Techniques to implement in green data centres to achieve energy efficiency and reduce global warming effects ». International Journal of Global Warming 3 (4). Inderscience Publishers:372‑89.
- « VIAF ». 2015. https://viaf.org/.
- « VIVO Open Research Networking Community Group ». 2015. https://www.w3.org/community/vivo/.
- Warren, Robert. 2012. « Creating specialized ontologies using Wikipedia: The Muninn experience ». Proceedings of Wikipedia Academy: Research and Free Knowledge (WPAC2012). Berlin. https://wikipedia-academy.wikimedia.de/w/images.wikipedia-academy-2012/0/0f/21_Paper_Robert_Warren.pdf.
- Widmer, Rolf, Heidi Oswald-Krapf, Deepali Sinha-Khetriwal, Max Schnellmann, et Heinz Böni. 2005. « Global perspectives on e-waste ». Environmental impact assessment review 25 (5). Elsevier:436‑58.
- Wuppleman, William. 2012. « Out of the trenches: A linked open data project ». Canadiana. https://www.canadiana.ca.