Abstracts
Abstract
In India, more than 90 % of the workforce is informal. In spite of this enormous percentage of informal workers, informal workers remain excluded from law and policy circles. One reason for such exclusion and invisibility emanates from the absence of trade unionism involving informal workers. Overcoming this invisibility, informal workers are increasingly organizing into associations that differ from traditional trade unions. These organizations devise their strategies and their legal statuses in view of the atypical characteristics of informal activities. In this article, I document some of these organizations of self-employed informal workers in India. By documenting the characteristics and functions of these organizations, I contend that these organizations offer a model for collective action by informal workers. I argue that these associations of informal workers are a sui generis organization of informal workers, and could become a precursor to solidarity-based initiative by informal workers globally.
Keywords:
- informal workers,
- India,
- collective action,
- aggregation,
- trade union
Résumé
En Inde, plus de 90 % de la main-d’oeuvre fait partie du secteur informel. Malgré ce pourcentage énorme, les travailleurs informels sont encore aujourd’hui exclus de la législation et des politiques en matière de relations du travail. Ils sont exclus et invisibles notamment parce que les travailleurs informels sont absents du mouvement syndical. Pour surmonter cette invisibilité, les travailleurs informels s’organisent dans des associations qui se distinguent des syndicats traditionnels. Ces organisations développent leurs stratégies et se donnent des statuts juridiques adaptés aux caractéristiques atypiques des activités informelles. Dans le présent article, je documente certaines de ces organisations de travailleurs informels autonomes en Inde. En documentant les caractéristiques et fonctions de ces organisations, je soutiens que celles-ci offrent un modèle d’action collective pour les travailleurs informels. Ces associations sont des organisations de travailleurs informels sui generis qui pourraient devenir le précurseur d’une initiative mondiale de travailleurs informels axée sur la solidarité.
Mots-clés :
- travailleurs informels,
- Inde,
- action collective,
- regroupement,
- syndicat
Resumen
En la India, más del 90 % de la mano de obra es informal. A pesar de este enorme porcentaje de trabajadores informales, éstos permanecen excluidos de los ciclos de la ley y las políticas. Una de las razones para tal exclusión e invisibilidad proviene de la ausencia de un sindicalismo que tome en cuenta a los trabajadores informales. Para superar esta invisibilidad, los trabajadores informales se están organizando cada vez más en asociaciones diferentes a las tradicionales agremiaciones sindicales. Estas organizaciones diseñan sus estrategias y estatutos legales teniendo en cuenta las características atípicas de sus actividades informales. En este artículo se documentan algunas de estas organizaciones de trabajadores independientes de trabajo informal en la india. Al documentar las características y funciones de estas organizaciones, se afirma que estas organizaciones ofrecen a los trabajadores informales un modelo de acción colectiva. Se argumenta que estas asociaciones de trabajadores informales son creaciones sui generis y pueden llegar a ser precursores de iniciativas basadas en la solidaridad de los trabajadores informales a escala global.
Palabras clave:
- trabajadores informales,
- India,
- acción colectiva,
- agregación,
- agremiación sindical
Appendices
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