Abstracts
Résumé
Introduction : Les femmes lesbiennes, bisexuelles ou pansexuelles (LBP) et les personnes trans, queer ou non-binaires (TQNB) dépendent souvent de la procréation médicalement assistée (PMA) pour fonder leur famille, mais n’y ont pas toujours accès. Actuellement, il ne semble pas exister d’écrits recensant, dans une perspective écosystémique, l’ensemble des facteurs principaux déterminant l’accès de cette population à la PMA.
Objectif : Cette revue rapide des connaissances vise à identifier, à partir d’une perspective écosystémique, les facteurs décrits dans la littérature comme influençant l’accès à la PMA des femmes LBP et des personnes TQNB.
Méthodes : Une recherche documentaire avec 11 moteurs de recherche a permis d’identifier 22 articles présentant des résultats d’études empiriques récentes (2018-2023), ayant différentes méthodologies. Les résultats pertinents ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique, et les facteurs identifiés ont été classés dans un modèle écosystémique.
Résultats : Les facteurs identifiés sont (1) au niveau microsystémique, le soutien du réseau social et du personnel sociosanitaire; (2) au niveau exosystémique, la sensibilisation du personnel sociosanitaire à la diversité sexuelle et de genre, l’adéquation de l’information et de la documentation, la logique organisationnelle des services de fertilité, le coût des services, la législation; (3) au niveau macrosystémique, l’hétérocisnormativité comme influence transversale.
Discussion et conclusion : Pour assurer l’accès des femmes LBP et des personnes TQNB à la PMA, une approche globale et multiniveau s’avère nécessaire. Des pistes pour les pratiques en santé et les politiques publiques sont proposées.
Mots-clés :
- services de fertilité,
- populations LGBTQ+,
- diversité sexuelle et pluralité des genres,
- reproduction stratifiée,
- modèle écosystémique
Abstract
Introduction: Lesbian, bisexual, and pansexual (LBP) women as well as transgender, queer, and non-binary individuals (TQNB) often rely on medically assisted reproduction (MAR) to build their families, but do not always have access to these services. Currently, there appears to be no literature that comprehensively reviews, from an ecosystemic perspective, the main factors determining LBP women's and TQNB people's access to MAR.
Objective: This rapid review aims to identify, from an ecosystemic perspective, the factors described in the scientific literature as influencing LBP women's and TQNB people's access to MAR.
Methods: A literature search using 11 search engines identified 22 articles presenting results of recent empirical studies (2018-2023) using various methodologies. Relevant results were subjected to thematic analysis, and identified factors were classified within an ecosystemic model.
Results: The identified factors are (1) at the microsystemic level, support from the social network and healthcare personnel; (2) at the exosystemic level, healthcare personnel's awareness of sexual and gender diversity, adequacy of information and documentation, organizational logic of fertility services, cost of services, legislation; (3) at the macrosystemic level, heterocisnormativity as a cross-cutting influence.
Discussion and conclusion: To ensure access to MAR for LBP women and TQNB people, a comprehensive and multi-level approach is necessary. Suggestions for health practices and public policies are proposed.
Keywords:
- fertility services,
- LGBTQ+ populations,
- sexual and gender diversity,
- stratified reproduction,
- ecosystemic model
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Appendices
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