Abstracts
Résumé
Introduction L’adolescence est une période sensible pendant laquelle plusieurs changements ont le potentiel d’affecter le développement cognitif et psychosocial de l’individu. C’est aussi au cours de cette période que l’on note la plus forte augmentation des troubles de santé mentale. Plusieurs initiatives cherchent à prévenir l’émergence ou la détérioration de ces troubles auprès de jeunes en situation de vulnérabilité parce que vivant des difficultés émotionnelles ou du comportement, ou bien en raison d’expériences adverses auxquelles ils sont (ou ont été) confrontés. À ces efforts, le recours à la technologie est habituellement perçu comme naturel, voire souhaitable, auprès de ces « natifs du numérique ».
Objectif Cette recension critique propose d’examiner les avantages et inconvénients documentés dans la littérature et rencontrés dans le cadre du développement d’une application mobile (app) afin d’évaluer leur potentiel à soutenir la santé mentale et la résilience des jeunes en contextes d’adversité et les facteurs susceptibles d’amoindrir ces impacts.
Résultats/Constats Les apps, par leur format et mode d’utilisation, permettent de transmettre aux jeunes une information juste et fondée sur les meilleures connaissances tout en étant arrimée à leur réalité. Les apps représentent aussi une opportunité d’engager certains jeunes dans un processus de changement ou de les soutenir dans une éventuelle demande d’aide. Bien qu’elles soient disponibles en tout temps et qu’elles peuvent respecter leurs besoins d’autonomie et de confidentialité, de nombreux défis demeurent afin qu’elles puissent soutenir la santé mentale des jeunes, incluant le peu d’attention accordée à la validation scientifique, la protection des données personnelles et la capacité de rétention et d’engagement des jeunes.
Conclusion. Cette analyse critique des connaissances propose une réflexion qui pourrait s’avérer utile afin de soutenir le développement de futures apps rencontrant les meilleurs standards auprès d’une multitude d’acteurs susceptibles de les créer et de les utiliser.
Mots-clés :
- applications mobiles,
- santé mentale,
- qualité,
- jeunes,
- vulnérabilité,
- résilience
Abstract
Introduction Adolescence is a sensitive period during which many changes occur and may have the potential to affect an individual’s cognitive and psychosocial development. It is also during this period that the most abrupt increase in mental health problems is noted. Several initiatives seek to prevent the onset or deterioration of these disorders among young people, and especially those in situations of vulnerability because the emotional or behavioral difficulties they are already displaying or because of the adversities they face. In these efforts, the use of technology is generally perceived as natural, even desirable, among these “digital natives.”
Objective This critical review examines the strengths and limitations of mobile applications (apps), as documented in the literature, and based in our own experience, to evaluate their potential to support youths’ mental health and resilience in times of adversity, and the obstacles most likely to lessen their impacts.
Findings Mobile apps, by their format and through the types of usage they provide, allow young people to have access to evidence-based information anchored to their realities. Apps also represent an opportunity to engage certain young people in a process of change or to support them in their request for help. All the more, these new tools are available at all times and are aligned to their needs for autonomy and confidentiality. Many challenges must, however, be overcome to best support young people’s mental health through apps, including reliance on scientific validation, the protection of personal data and the capacity to attract and promote engagement in young people.
Conclusion The critical analysis of the available literature is intended as a strategic thinking process to further support the development of future apps that will meet the best standards as viewed by a multitude of actors likely to create and use them.
Keywords:
- mobile applications,
- mental health,
- quality,
- youth,
- vulnerability,
- resilience
Appendices
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