Abstracts
Abstract
Together with the other Nordic countries, Norway stands in a unique position internationally with its large population representative registries. By means of unique personal identification numbers assigned to all Norwegian citizens, as well as to immigrants who stay for more than 6 months, it is possible to construct individual record linkages covering an increasing number of years across different national registries. The Norwegian registries include, among others, information from the primary and specialist health care services, the prescription of drugs, and causes of death. In addition, they include sociodemographic information like year of birth, gender, immigration status, educational attainment, marital status, and the use of various social benefits. Norway is one of very few countries that have a nationwide registry on primary health care use. This registry gives the opportunity to explore the role of the primary health care services prior to suicide and in the follow-up of the suicide bereaved, which has been pointed out as one of the most promising areas for future suicide prevention. Linkages of Norwegian registries opens up new approaches in analyses and the possibility to explore a range of novel research themes, such as treatment trajectories and patterns of health care use prior to suicide and among the suicide bereaved.
In this paper, we give a description of the Norwegian population representative registries applicable for suicide research. We discuss the analytic opportunities as well as the challenges and obstacles of a registry based research approach to suicide.
The main strength of registry-based research on suicide is the ability to maintain data on the total population, the possibility to study small sub-populations or low-prevalent events, virtually continuous timelines in longitudinal data, few or no non-response or other missing data, no sample attrition, and the possibility of gaining access to large amounts of various health and sociodemographic information. In addition registry-based research allows investigation of hard-to-reach populations, such as groups of individuals with severe mental disorders or immigrants that traditionally have been difficult to recruit for participation in research projects.
The opportunities presented in the article could motivate to do similar research in Canada and even inspire for cooperation between Norwegian and Canadian researchers on registry based research on suicide. In our opinion, registry-based research on suicide will play an increasingly important role in suicide research in the years to come.
Keywords:
- national registries,
- suicide,
- suicide bereaved,
- primary health care,
- health care use,
- treatment trajectories
Résumé
La Norvège, à l’instar des autres pays scandinaves, occupe une position internationale unique avec ses grands registres populationnels. Grâce à un numéro d’identification personnel attribué à chaque citoyen norvégien, de même qu’à tout immigrant depuis plus de six mois, il est possible de créer des dossiers individuels par le jumelage des différents registres nationaux, et couvrant un nombre toujours croissant d’années. Les registres norvégiens livrent, entre autres, de l’information sur les services des médecins de famille et des médecins spécialistes, la prescription de médicaments et les causes de décès. De plus, ils incluent des données sociodémographiques comme l’année de naissance, le genre, le statut d’immigration, le niveau de scolarité, le statut matrimonial et les avantages sociaux.
Cet article décrit d’abord ces registres populationnels en rapport avec la recherche sur le suicide. Il présente ensuite les différentes opportunités d’analyses de même que les défis et obstacles de la recherche sur le suicide basés sur de tels registres populationnels. Dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche en cours à l’Institut norvégien de santé publique, nous avons jumelé les données de cinq registres nationaux différents pour étudier l’utilisation des services de santé de première ligne en rapport avec le suicide. Les services médicaux de première ligne étant les services de santé les plus accessibles, les médecins de famille pourraient jouer un rôle important dans la prévention du suicide. Même si de nombreuses études internationales ont examiné les contacts avec les médecins de famille avant le suicide, plusieurs questions de recherche demeurent. Nos travaux poursuivent deux lignes de recherche. Premièrement, nous examinons l’étendue et les causes des contacts avec les services de première ligne avant le décès par suicide dans la population norvégienne. Deuxièmement, nous nous concentrons sur les endeuillés suite à un suicide, et leurs contacts avec les médecins de famille, avant et après le décès de leur proche. Nous examinons, par exemple, comment ces contacts avec les services varient selon les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des endeuillés et de leur proche décédé par suicide.
La grande force de la recherche sur le suicide basée sur des registres populationnels est la quantité et la richesse des données qui autorisent l’exploration de thèmes qu’il n’était pas possible de réaliser avec des modèles plus traditionnels. Les opportunités ici décrites pourraient intéresser la recherche sur le suicide au Canada, et même inspirer une coopération entre les chercheurs norvégiens et canadiens pour une telle recherche basée sur les registres populationnels. À notre avis, la recherche sur le suicide avec les registres populationnels est appelée à jouer un rôle croissant dans les prochaines années.
Mots-clés :
- registres nationaux,
- suicide,
- deuil suicide,
- première ligne,
- accessibilité soins,
- santé,
- trajectoire traitement
Appendices
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