Abstracts
Résumé
L’amélioration de l’accès aux traitements en santé mentale est depuis longtemps une priorité tant au Québec que sur la scène canadienne et internationale. Des initiatives pour accroître l’accès à la psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État ont entre autres été mises de l’avant en Australie et au Royaume-Uni. La présente étude a visé à documenter comment les psychologues et les psychothérapeutes se distinguent dans leurs attitudes quant aux différents aspects qui définissent ces programmes d’accès à la psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État. Les participants (N = 1 275) ont été recrutés par courriel et invités à remplir une série de questionnaires en ligne, lesquels portaient notamment sur : les différents services et modalités de service qui devraient être assurés par l’État ; le rôle et l’autonomie des cliniciens si les services de psychothérapie devaient être assurés par l’État ; les tarifs, les modalités de remboursement et les conditions de travail des cliniciens. Les résultats indiquent que les psychothérapeutes valorisent davantage la thérapie de couple et familiale, l’aide à l’emploi et l’orientation professionnelle que les psychologues. Quant à ces derniers, ils valorisent davantage l’utilisation de pratiques fondées sur des données probantes ainsi que le suivi en continu des résultats du traitement, et la publication du niveau de satisfaction quant aux traitements reçus par la clientèle desservie. Des différences entre les deux groupes ont aussi été observées concernant leurs préférences quant aux modalités de paiement et de remboursement des services. Ces résultats peuvent avoir des implications pour l’implantation d’un programme de psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État au Québec.
Mots-clés :
- psychologue,
- psychothérapeute,
- psychothérapie,
- sondage,
- accès,
- données probantes,
- assurance publique,
- État
Abstract
Objectives Within the Quebec context, as well as the larger Canadian and International context, increasing access to mental health care treatment has become a major health care priority (see Peachey, Hicks, & Adams, 2013). Initiatives to increase access through government-funded psychotherapy have been successfully implemented in Australia and the United Kingdom. The current study sought to document how licensed psychologists and psychotherapists in Quebec differ in their attitudes about the components of these government-funded psychotherapy programs and increasing access to psychotherapy treatment.
Methods The target population for the study included both psychologists and psychotherapists whom were licensed to practice psychotherapy with the Ordre of Psychologists of Quebec. Participants (N = 1 275) were recruited by email to participate in an online questionnaire focusing on components such as the services that should be offered in a new government-funded psychotherapy model (eg., individual therapy, family therapy; including employment and debt counselling), the choice and autonomy clinicians have in their treatment interventions, the role of the referring General Practitioner (GP), the fees per psychotherapy hour, the hiring structure (e.g., in the public sector versus reimbursing private psychotherapy services), among others.
Results The results indicated that psychotherapists were more in favour of including family and couple therapy, and employment/vocational counselling than psychologists. Psychologists were more in favour of using evidence-based practices as well as tracking treatment outcomes using validated measures, and publishing treatment satisfaction ratings to the public. Psychotherapists were more in favour of being paid on a session-to-session basis as opposed to be being hired on a salaried basis to offer government-funded psychotherapy.
Conclusions Given that psychologists and psychotherapists differ in their training background and have historically played different roles in the health care system, it is important to understand how they differ in their perspectives on accessibility to psychotherapy. The implications for implementing government-funded psychotherapy initiatives in Quebec given the different professional perspectives of the two groups are discussed.
Keywords:
- accessibility,
- psychotherapy,
- psychologist,
- psychotherapist,
- survey,
- mental health care
Appendices
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