Abstracts
Résumé
L’Échelle de provisions sociales-10 items (ÉPS-10) est une version abrégée de l’Échelle de provisions sociales (Social Provisions Scale) (Cutrona et Russell, 1987) validée en langue française sur une population québécoise (Caron, 1996) et qui permet de mesurer la disponibilité du soutien social. L’ÉPS-10 conserve cinq des six sous-échelles de l’ÉPS (l’attachement ; l’intégration sociale ; la confirmation de sa valeur ; l’aide matérielle et l’orientation), le besoin de se sentir utile et nécessaire ayant été exclu, et ne garde que les items formulés positivement, soit deux items par dimension du soutien. L’article présente la validation de l’EPS-10 sur un échantillon représentatif de 2433 personnes provenant de la population générale du sud-ouest de Montréal. Elle a une forte validité concomitante avec l’Échelle originelle de 24 items (ÉPS). Tous ces items sont fortement corrélés au score total et sa consistance interne est excellente. Des analyses de corrélation entre les sous-échelles et le score global et une analyse factorielle indiquent que l’ÉPS-10 conserve sa validité de construit. L’ÉPS-10 explique 14,1 % de la variance de la détresse psychologique et 25,4 % de la variance de la qualité de vie et conserve un pouvoir prédictif équivalent à l’ÉPS à 24 items. L’ensemble des analyses suggère que l’ÉPS-10 est un instrument fiable et valide pour mesurer la disponibilité du soutien social avec un temps d’administration réduit de moitié. Il s’avère un excellent choix pour les enquêtes épidémiologiques.
Mots-clés :
- Échelle de provisions sociales,
- Échelle de provisions sociales abrégée,
- validation,
- fidélité,
- validité,
- détresse psychologique,
- qualité de vie
Abstract
The Social Provisions Scale-10 item (SPS-10) is a shortened version of the Social Provisions Scale (Cutrona and Russell, 1987) validated in French (Échelle de provisions sociales) by Caron (1996). The Social Provisions Scale (SPS) originally consisted of six subscales to measure the availability of social support: emotional support or attachment, social integration, reassurance of worth, tangible help, orientation and opportunity for nurturance. Four items allowed measuring of each subscales, two formulated positively and two negatively for a total of 24 items. The SPS-10 retains five subscales, opportunity for nurturance was excluded and it only keeps the positively worded items, two items per dimension of support. The article presents its validation on a representative sample of 2433 people of the general population of the southwest region of Montreal. It has a strong concurrent validity with the original scale of 24 items (SPS) (r = 0.930). All its items are highly correlated with total scores and its internal consistency is excellent. The alpha for the global scale is 0.880 and the alphas for the five subscales ranged from 0.528 to 0.690. Its construct validity is also preserved. The SPS-10 has an independence of its dimensions with moderate correlations between the subscales ranging between 0.469 and 0.632 and its five subscales are more strongly related to the support global score (r minimum = 0.755 p <0.001 and r maximum = 0.835), indicating that they are also indicators of the availability of social provisions. An exploratory factor analysis allows finding almost the same factors structure than the French version of SPS. The SPS-10 explains 14.1% of the variance in psychological distress and retains 95% of the predictive power of the SPS-24 items and all its subscales are negatively correlated with psychological distress. It also explains 25.4% of the variance in quality of life and its predictive power is equivalent to the SPS-24 items and all its subscales are positively correlated to QOL. The analyses suggest that the SPS-10 is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the availability of social support with an administration time reduced by half. It is an excellent choice for epidemiological surveys.
Keywords:
- Social Provisions Scale,
- Social Provisions Scale-short form,
- validation,
- reliability,
- validity,
- psychological distress,
- quality of life
Appendices
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