Abstracts
Résumé
Une nouvelle mesure du soutien social spécifique aux troubles anxieux a été développée ; il s’agit du « Questionnaire sur les Comportements de Soutien en situation d’Anxiété » (QCSA ; Guay et al., 2003). La présente étude vise à présenter et à valider cette échelle. Le QCSA mesure le soutien perçu positif et négatif. Auprès d’un échantillon composé de 257 étudiants universitaires, le QCSA présente de bonnes propriétés psychométriques (consistance interne et validité convergente). Suite à l’analyse factorielle, trois facteurs ont été identifiés : 1) coercition et critique ; 2) gestion de l’anxiété et renforcement ; et 3) distraction. Des corrélations significatives avec des mesures d’anxiété, de fonctionnement et de détresse psychologique en font un outil fort utile pour évaluer le soutien social en lien avec la santé mentale.
Abstract
A new measure of the social support specifically intended for anxiety disorders has been elaborated ; this new scale entitled “Questionnaire sur les Comportements de Soutien en situation d’Anxiété” (QCSA ; Guay et al., 2003) consists of 65 items measuring positive and negative perceived social support. Among a sample of 257 university students, the QCSA shows good psychometric properties (internal consistency and correlations with related constructs). Results of an exploratory factor analysis identified three factors : 1) criticism and coercive strategies, 2) anxiety management and reinforcement, and 3) distraction. Significant correlations were found with measures of anxiety, functioning and psychological distress. The QCSA is an adequate scale to evaluate social support in relation to mental health.
Resumen
Se ha desarrollado una nueva medida del apoyo social específico para los trastornos de ansiedad; se trata del “Cuestionario sobre los comportamientos de apoyo en situaciones de ansiedad” (QCSA; Guay et al., 2003). El presente estudio busca presentar y validar esta escala. El QCSA mide el apoyo percibido como positivo y negativo. En una muestra compuesta de 257 estudiantes universitarios, el QCSA presenta buenas propiedades psicométricas (consistencia interna y validez convergente). Después del análisis factorial, se identificaron tres factores: 1) coerción y crítica, 2) gestión de la ansiedad y refuerzo y 3) distracción. Las correlaciones significativas con las medidas de ansiedad, funcionamiento y angustia psicológica la hacen una herramienta muy útil para evaluar el apoyo social en relación con la salud mental.
Resumo
Uma nova medida do apoio social específico aos transtornos de ansiedade foi desenvolvida; trata-se do “Questionário sobre os Comportamentos de Apoio em Situação de Ansiedade” (QCSA; Guay et al., 2003). O presente estudo visa apresentar e validar esta escala. O QCSA mede o apoio recebido positivo e negativo. Junto a uma amostragem composta por 257 estudantes universitários, o QCSA apresenta boas propriedades psicométricas (consistência interna e validade convergente). Após a análise fatorial, três fatores foram identificados: 1) coerção e crítica; 2) gestão da ansiedade e reforço e 3) distração. Correlações significativas com medidas de ansiedade, de funcionamento e de desespero psicológico fazem disto uma ferramenta muito útil para avaliar o apoio social em relação com a saúde mental.
Appendices
Références
- Abbey, A., Abramis, D. J., Caplan, R.D., 1985, Effects of different sources of social support and social conflict on emotional well-being, Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 6, 111-129.
- American Psychiatric Association, 1994, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.), Author, Washington, DC.
- Beach, S. R. H., 2001, Marital and Family Processes in Depression : A Scientific Foundation for Clinical Practice, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
- Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., Steer, R. A., 1988, An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety : Psychometric properties, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893-897.
- Campbell, L. A., Brown, T. A., 2002, Generalized anxiety disorder, in Antony M.M., Barlow D. H., eds., Handbook of Assessment and Treatment Planning for Psychological Disorders, New York, Guilford Press, 147-177.
- Caron, J., 1996, L’Échelle de provisions sociales : une validation québécoise, Santé mentale au Québec, 21, 158-180.
- Cohen, S., Wills, T. A., 1985, Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis, Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310-357.
- Coyne, J. C., Downey, G., 1991, Social factors and psychopathology : Stress, social support, and coping processes, Annual Review of Psychology, 42, 401-425.
- Cutrona, C. E., Russell, D., 1987, The provisions of social support and adaptation to stress, Advance in Personal Relationships, 1, 37-67.
- Devellis, R. F., 1991, Scale Development : Theory and Applications, Sage publications, Newbury Park.
- Fiore, J., Becker, J., Coppel, D. A. B., 1983, Social network interactions : A buffer or a stress ?, American Journal of Community Psychology, 11, 423-440.
- Freeston, M. H., 1997, L’évaluation du fonctionnement actuel, Document inédit, Centre de recherche Fernand-Seguin.
- Freeston, M. H., Ladouceur, R., Thibodeau, N., Gagnon, F., Rhéaume, J., 1994, L’inventaire d’anxiété de Beck : Propriétés psychométriques d’une traduction française, L’Encéphale, XX, 47-55.
- Fydrich, T., Dowdall, D., Chambless, D. L., 1992, Reliability and validity of the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Journal of the Anxiety Disorders, 6, 55-61.
- Gladis, M. M., Gosch, E.A., Dishuk, N. M., Crits-Christoph, P., 1999, Quality of life : expanding the scope of clinical significance, Journal of Counsulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 320-331.
- Goldberg, D., 1972, The Detection of Psychiatric Illness by Questionnaire, Oxford University Press, London.
- Guay, S., Bonaventure, M., 2002, Le soutien social et les troubles anxieux, Conférence présentée à la Clinique en intervention cognitivo-comportementale de l’Hôpital Louis-H. Lafontaine.
- Guay, S., Miller, J.-M., 2000, Traductions du Perceived Supportive Spouse Behaviors et du Perceived Negative Spouse Behaviors, Document inédit, Centre de recherche Fernand-Seguin.
- Halford, W. K., Bouma, R., 1997, Individual psychopathology and marital distress, in Halford, W.K., Markman, H.J., eds., Clinical Handbook of Marriage and Couples Interventions, Wiley, London, 291-321.
- Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Jin, R., Merikangas, K.R., Walters, E. E., 2005a, Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 593-602.
- Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., Walters, E. E., 2005b, Prevalence, severity and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 617-627.
- Ladouceur, R., Marchand, A., Boisvert, J.-M., 1999, Les troubles anxieux : Approche cognitive et comportementale, Gaëtan Morin, Montréal.
- Manne, S. L., Taylor, K. L., Dougherty, J., Kemeny, N., 1997, Supportive and negative responses in the partner relationship : Their association with psychological adjustment among individuals with cancer, Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 20, 101-125.
- Marchand, A., Boivin, I., 1999, Le trouble panique, in Ladouceur, R., Marchand, A., Boisvert, J-M., eds., Les troubles anxieux : Approche cognitive et comportementale, Montréal, Gaëtan Morin, 59-94.
- Margraf, J., Barlow, D. H., Clark, D. M., Telch, M. J., 1993, Psychological treatment of panic : work in progress on outcome, active ingredients, and follow-up, Behavior Research and Therapy, 31, 1, 1-8.
- Mendlowicz, M.V., Stein, M.B., 2000, Quality of life in individuals with anxiety disorders, American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 669-682.
- Nunally, J. C., 1978, Psychometric Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York.
- Rook, K. S., 1984, The negative side of social interaction : Impact on psychological well-being, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 109-118.
- Rosenbaum, J. F., Biederman, J., Pollock, R. A., Hirshfeld, D. R., 1994, The etiology of social phobia, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 55, 10-16.
- Salkovskis, P. M., Clark, D. M., Hackman, A., 1991, Treatment of panic attacks using cognitive therapy without exposure of breathing retraining, Behavior Research and Therapy, 29, 2, 161-166.
- Sarason, B. R., Pierce, G. R., Bannerman, A., Sarason, I. G., 1993, Investigating the antecedents of perceived social support : Parent’s view of and behavior toward their children, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1071-1085.
- Statistiques Canada, 2003, Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes : Santé mentale et bien-être, Le Quotidien, 3 septembre.
- St-Jean-Trudel, E., Guay, S., Bonaventure, M., 2003, Social Support and Anxiety Disorders : A Pilot Study, Affiche présentée à l’AABT’s 37th Annual Convention, Boston, MS.
- Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., 2001, Using Multivariate Statistics (4th ed.), Allyn and Bacon, Boston.
- Thoits, P A., 1995, Stress, coping and social support processes : where are we ? What next ?, Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, Special Issue, 53-79.
- Werneke, U., Goldberg, D. P., Yalcin, I., Üstün, B. T., 2000, The stability of the factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire, Psychological Medicine, 30, 823-829.
- Wills, T. A., Shinar, O., 2000, Measuring perceived and received social support, in Cohen, S., Underwood, L. G., Gottlieb B. H., eds., Social Support Measurement and Intervention, Oxford University Press, New York, 86-135.
- Wills, T. A., Fegan, M. F., 2001, Social networks and social support in Baum, A., Revenson, T.A., Singer, J.E., eds., Handbook of Health Psychology, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 209-234.