Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article passe en revue les quatre conceptions du trouble obsessionnel-compulsif (TOC) : la première conception présuppose que le TOC est un trouble du mouvement, la deuxième soutient que cette maladie fait partie du spectre TOC incluant, à la fois, les troubles impulsifs et compulsifs, la troisième fait référence à la classification actuelle (DSM-IV-TR) qui répartit le TOC dans la famille des troubles anxieux et la dernière conception suggère qu’il est, en fait, un trouble du raisonnement qui pourrait s’inscrire sur un continuum avec, par exemple, le trouble délirant. Même s’il existe des arguments en faveur des quatre conceptions, le TOC semble se différencier des troubles du mouvement, des troubles impulsifs et des troubles anxieux. En effet, il serait plus juste et raisonnable de concevoir le TOC comme un trouble du raisonnement qui provoque de l’anxiété associée aux croyances obsessionnelles.
Abstract
This article reviews four separate conceptions of obsessional compulsive disorder (OCD). The first is a movement disorder, the second is part of a wider OCD spectrum including impulsive and compulsive disorders, the third is currently classified in the DSM-IV-TR, as an anxiety disorder, and the fourth and final view that OCD is a belief disorder and forms a continuum with other belief disorders such as delusional ideation. Although there is support for the four viewpoints, and OCD is distinct from movement, anxiety and impulsive disorders, it seems reasonable to conceptualize OCD as a belief disorder which creates anxiety as a consequence of the obsessional belief.
Resumen
Este artículo examina las cuatro concepciones del trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC): la primera concepción presupone que el TOC es un trastorno del movimiento; la segunda sostiene que esta enfermedad forma parte del espectro TOC, que incluye a la vez los trastornos impulsivos y compulsivos; la tercera hace referencia a la clasificación actual (DSM-IV-TR), que clasifica el TOC en la familia de los trastornos de ansiedad y la última concepción sugiere que éste es, en realidad, un trastorno del razonamiento que podría inscribirse en un continum con el trastorno del delirio, por ejemplo. Incluso si existen argumentos en favor de las cuatro concepciones, el TOC parece diferenciarse de los trastornos del movimiento, de los trastornos impulsivos y de los de la ansiedad. En realidad, sería más adecuado y razonable concebir el TOC como un trastorno del razonamiento, que provoca ansiedad asociada a creencias obsesivas.
Resumo
Este artigo passa em revista os quatro conceitos do transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC): o primeiro conceito pressupõe que o TOC é um transtorno do movimento, o segundo afirma que esta doença faz parte do espectro TOC que inclui, ao mesmo tempo, os transtornos impulsivos e compulsivos, o terceiro faz referência à classificação atual (DSM-IV-TR) que reparte o TOC na família dos transtornos de ansiedade e o último afirma que ele é, de fato, um transtorno do raciocínio que poderia inscrever-se em um continuum com, por exemplo, o transtorno delirante. Mesmo se existem argumentos a favor destes quatro conceitos, o TOC parece diferenciar-se dos transtornos do movimento, dos transtornos impulsivos e dos transtornos de ansiedade. De fato, seria mais justo e razoável conceber o TOC como um transtorno do raciocínio que provoca ansiedade associada às crenças obsessivas.
Appendices
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