Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article passe en revue la littérature concernant la dépendance aux benzodiazépines (BZD) chez la population des personnes âgées de 65 ans et plus. Alors que les conséquences négatives reliées à l’utilisation prolongée des BZD sont bien connues, le phénomène de la dépendance à ces substances chez cette population l’est beaucoup moins. Il n’existe toujours pas de consensus autour de la définition du problème. L’usage continu des BZD peut être davantage problématique chez les personnes âgées pour qui la tolérance aux agents chimiques diminue avec l’âge. Les facteurs de risque impliqués dans l’usage chronique sont une combinaison interactive entre les caractéristiques des aînés et celles des médecins prescripteurs. Des pistes de recherche étayées sur un changement paradigmatique sont lancées afin de bonifier la recherche dans ce domaine.
Abstract
This article reviews the literature concerning addiction to benzodiazepine (BZD) in the elderly population of 65 and over. While the negative consequences related to a prolonged use of BZD are well known, much less is known on the phenomenon of dependency to these substances in this population. There is still no consensus on the definition of the problem. The continuous use of BZD may be more problematic in the elderly for whom tolerance to chemical agents diminishes with age. The risk factors involved in the chronic use are an interactive combination between the charateristics of the elderly as well as the physicians who prescribe such medication. Paths of research to support a paradigmatic change are presented in order to improve the research in this field.
Resumen
Este artículo examina sucesivamente la literatura concerniente a la dependencia de benzodiacepinas (BDZ) en la población de 65 años y más. Mientras que las consecuencias negativas relacionadas con el uso prolongado de las BZD son muy conociadas, el fenómeno de dependencia de estas substancias en esta población es mucho menor. No existe aún un concenso sobre la definición del problema. El uso continuo de BZD puede ser más problemático en las personas de edad avanzada, cuya tolerancia a los agentes químicos disminuye con la edad. Los factores de riesgo implicados en el uso crónico son una combinación interactiva entre las características de los ancianos y las de los médicos que las prescriben. Se lanzan pistas de investigación apoyadas en un cambio paradigmático a fin de mejorar la investigación en este campo.
Resumo
Este artigo passa em revista a literatura sobre a dependência das benzodiazepinas (BZD) na população das pessoas com 65 anos ou mais. Ao passo que as conseqüências negativas relacionadas com a utilização prolongada das BZD são bem conhecidas, o fenômeno da dependência a estas substâncias na população idosa é muito menos conhecida. Ainda não existe consenso a respeito da definição do problema. O uso contínuo das BZD pode ser muito mais problemático em pessoas idosas, onde a tolerância a agentes químicos diminui com a idade. Os fatores de risco implicados no uso crônico são uma mistura interativa entre as características dos idosos e dos médicos que os prescrevem. Pistas de pesquisas estabelecidas sobre uma mudança pragmática foram lançadas para aumentar a pesquisa nesta área.
Appendices
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