Abstracts
Abstract
In a number of jurisdictions in Europe and in North America, and particularly in Canada, the introduction and expansion of the conditions under which a patient may request euthanasia or assisted suicide – what is called, in Canada, ‘medical assistance in dying’ (MAiD) – has led to an increased concern about whether a physician may ethically refuse to perform such procedures – or, indeed, any legal medical procedure that lies within her practice. I argue that a physician may, sometimes, ethically refuse to perform such medical procedures. I begin with a clarification of some key terms: ‘acting on conscience’ (sometimes called conscientious objection), health, medicine, and ‘the duty of the physician.’ I then present some arguments to show that a physician is bound to provide medical care only under conditions entailed by or consistent with the aim of medicine. I consider some objections to this claim, and, then, show why these objections fail.
Résumé
Dans un certain nombre de juridictions en Europe et en Amérique du Nord, et particulièrement au Canada, l’introduction et l’élargissement des conditions dans lesquelles un patient peut demander l’euthanasie ou l’aide au suicide – ce qu’on appelle, au Canada, « l’aide médicale à mourir » (AMM) – a mené à une inquiétude accrue quant à savoir si un médecin peut refuser éthiquement d’effectuer de telles procédures – et, en fait, toute procédure médicale légale qui relève de sa pratique. Je soutiens qu’un médecin peut parfois, sur le plan éthique, refuser d’effectuer de telles procédures médicales. Je commence par une clarification de quelques termes clés : « agir en conscience » (parfois appelé « objection de conscience »), santé, médecine et « le devoir du médecin ». Je présente ensuite quelques arguments pour montrer qu’un médecin n’est tenu de fournir des soins médicaux que dans des conditions entraînées par, ou compatibles avec, le « but » de la médecine. Je considère quelques objections à mon argument, et, ensuite, je montre pourquoi ces objections s’avèrent défectueuses.
Appendices
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