Abstracts
Abstract
Italo Calvino once referred to photography as an “anthropologically new object”, while Roland Barthes described it as a “bizarre medium”. In all accounts photography can be seen to resist our attempts to theorize it. Accepting this challenge, the present essay seeks to investigate the specificity of photography with reference to three concepts and pairs of authors:
Ia. |
The concept of limit and the way it relates to photography and to short story writing as the latter is discussed by Julio Cortàzar and Italo Calvino. |
Ib. |
The concept of dematerialization, which surfaces as early as the nineteenth-century in separate essays on photography by Charles Baudelaire and Oliver Wendell Holmes. |
Ic. |
The concept of displacement, which emerges in the complementary thought and works of Marcel Duchamp and Man Ray. |
These concepts are then used to consider three photographs: a snapshot taken by an American soldier deployed in Iraq between 2003 and 2004; Le croci di Guerra (1991) by Oliviero Toscani for Benetton; and Dead Troops Talk (1992) by Jeff Wall.
Résumé
Traitant un jour de la photographie, Italo Calvino la qualifia de “nouvel objet anthropologique”, De son côté, Roland Barthes en parlait comme d’un “medium bizarre”. Chose certaine, quel que soit le cas, la résistance de la photographie à nos tentatives de théorisation ne peut, elle, manquer de nous échapper. Acceptant le défi, le présent essai vise à enquêter la spécificité de la photographie en référant à trois concepts et à trois paires d’auteurs:
1a. |
le concept de limite présent dans les écrits de Julio Cortàzar et d’Italo Calvino sur la nouvelle; |
Ib. |
le concept de dématérialisation trouvé au XIXe siècle dans des essais de Charles Baudelaire et d’Oliver Wendell Holmes; |
Ic. |
le concept de déplacement tel qu’il se dégage des oeuvres et des écrits de Marcel Duchamp et Man Ray. |
Ces concepts sont ensuite mis à contribution dans l’examen de trois photographies: un cliché croqué par un soldat américain déployé en Irak entre 2003 et 2004; La Croci di Guerra (1991) d’Oliviero Toscani pour Benetton, et Dead Troops Talk (1992) de Jeff Wall.
Appendices
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