Abstracts
Résumé
Dans la foulée de l’expérience de télétravail obligatoire vécue pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 et pour tirer profit à la fois des avantages du télétravail et du travail en présence, de nombreuses organisations ont récemment embrassé le travail hybride. La fonction publique québécoise s’est engagée dans cette voie, en déployant une politique-cadre en matière de télétravail qui régule le nombre de jours de télétravail hebdomadaires. La récence du déploiement à large échelle de cette modalité d’organisation du travail appelle à mieux comprendre ses effets sur la réponse attitudinale du personnel. Prenant appui sur le modèle d’acceptation de la technologie et sur la théorie du signal, cet article vise à examiner la réponse perceptuelle et attitudinale du personnel au travail hybride. À partir de données quantitatives et qualitatives collectées en octobre 2022 auprès du personnel professionnel de la fonction publique et parapublique (n = 3 904), les résultats montrent l’effet positif de l’agréabilité perçue et de l’utilité perçue d’une journée de travail en présence sur la satisfaction à l’égard du travail hybride. La satisfaction à l’endroit du travail hybride influence positivement l’adéquation personne/organisation. L’adéquation personne/organisation exerce un effet positif sur l’engagement organisationnel ainsi que sur la satisfaction au travail. Elle joue un rôle médiateur dans la relation entre la satisfaction envers l’expérience de travail hybride et l’engagement organisationnel, ainsi qu’entre la satisfaction envers l’expérience de travail hybride et la satisfaction au travail. Les résultats qualitatifs témoignent de l’absence de valeur ajoutée des jours de travail en présence, d’une insatisfaction à l’égard du manque de flexibilité et d’une perception positive à l’égard des avantages du télétravail. Ces résultats ajoutent aux connaissances empiriques quant à l’appréciation de l’adéquation personne/organisation dans un contexte de travail hybride. Ils contribuent aux connaissances managériales en soulignant l’importance de considérer les attentes et les valeurs du personnel dans le déploiement des pratiques et politiques organisationnelles.
Mots-clés :
- Travail hybride,
- adéquation personne/organisation,
- fonction publique,
- télétravail,
- satisfaction au travail,
- engagement,
- théorie du signal
Summary
In the wake of the mandatory teleworking experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to take advantage of both the benefits of teleworking and face-to-face working, many organizations have recently embraced hybrid work. The Quebec public service has also adopted this trend, deploying a telework policy that regulates the number of teleworking days. The recent introduction of this form of work organization calls for a better understanding of its effect on employee response. Drawing on the technology acceptance model and signal theory, this article aims to examine the perceptual and attitudinal response to hybrid working. Using quantitative and qualitative data collected in October 2022 from professional staff in the public and parapublic sector (n = 3,904), the results show the positive effect of perceived agreeableness and perceived usefulness of a presence day's work on satisfaction with hybrid work, and the positive effect of this satisfaction on person/organization fit. Fit has a positive effect on organizational commitment and job satisfaction, and mediates the relationship between satisfaction with hybrid work experience and organizational commitment and the relationship between satisfaction with hybrid work experience and job satisfaction. Qualitative results show a lack of added value to face-to-face working days, dissatisfaction with the lack of flexibility, and a positive perception of the benefits of teleworking. These results add to the empirical knowledge on person/organization fit in a hybrid work context. They contribute to managerial knowledge by highlighting the importance of considering staff expectations and values in the deployment of organizational practices and policies.
Appendices
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