Abstracts
Résumé
Cette recherche examine l’impact d’une privation relative sur la croyance en un monde juste et sur le désengagement vis-à-vis du travail. Deux études ont été menées, dans chacune desquelles deux groupes de Français d’origine maghrébine ont été confrontés à une situation dans laquelle ils devaient se mettre à la place d’un Français d’origine maghrébine indiquant avoir déjà été victime de discrimination vs déclarant n’en avoir jamais subi. Dans la première étude, ce Français essuyait un refus de promotion au profit d’un Français de souche (privation intergroupale) alors que dans la seconde c’était au profit d’un autre Français d’origine maghrébine (privation intragroupale). Les participants répondaient alors à un questionnaire de croyance en un monde juste et de désengagement vis-à-vis du travail. Il est constaté que dans la situation intergroupale, les participant(e)s de la condition « Négation de discrimination » et ceux de la condition « Reconnaissance de discrimination » ne se différencient sur aucune des deux variables dépendantes. En revanche, dans la situation intragroupale, les participants placés dans la condition « Négation de discrimination » croient davantage en un monde juste et dévaluent plus le travail que ceux de la condition « Reconnaissance de discrimination ». De plus, la croyance en un monde juste (VM) semble médiatiser la relation entre le type d’attribution (VI) et la dévaluation du travail (VD). Ces résultats sont confrontés à ceux de la littérature et discutés sur le plan de leurs implications.
Mots-clés :
- Attribution,
- privation relative,
- comparaison intragroupe,
- comparaison intergroupe
Summary
This research examines the impact of relative deprivation on belief in a just world and on disengagement from work. Two investigations were conducted, in which of each two groups of French people of Maghrebian origin were confronted with a situation in which they had to put themselves in the place of a French person of Maghrebian origin who said that he had already been the victim of discrimination vs claiming he never had suffered it. In the first investigation, this Frenchman was refused promotion in favor of a native French (intergroup deprivation) while in the second it was in favor of another French of Maghrebian origin (intragroup deprivation). Then the participants answered a questionnaire of belief in a just world and of disengagement from work. It is observed that in the intergroup situation, the participants of the “Negation of discrimination” condition and those of the “Recognition of discrimination” condition do not differ on any of the two dependent variables. On the other hand, in the intragroup situation, the participants placed in the “Negation of discrimination” condition believe more in a just world and devalue work more than those in the “Recognition of discrimination” condition. In addition, belief in a Just world seems to mediate the relationship between the type of attribution (IV) and the devaluation of work (DV). These results are compared with those of the literature and discussed in terms of their implications.
Appendices
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