Abstracts
Abstract
This study focuses on a unique type of small business—boutiquehotels in Istanbul, Turkey—, and aims to understand whetheremployers’ use of internal flexibility strategies is associatedwith boutique hotel employees’ intention to stay in theirorganization. Internal flexibility strategies refer to shiftwork, longworkweeks, unpaid overtime, and working preferred hours.
Our study focuses on the experience of employees in boutique hotels in Turkey, which is one of the largest economies globally with its hospitality sector being the eighth largest in the world (Zeytinoglu et al., 2012a and 2012b). We test the conceptual model of internal flexibility strategies and intention to stay using data from 20 interviews and 122 surveys with employees in 32 boutique hotels.
As our qualitative and quantitative study shows, shiftwork decreasesboutique hotel employees’ intention to stay, but long workweeksand working unpaid overtime do not affect the intention to stay.Furthermore, as our qualitative study shows, the close family-like workenvironments that exist in boutique hotels contribute to theemployees’ intention to stay. As our respondents said in thequalitative part of the study: “‘We’re like afamily!’ and cannot leave our ‘home’!”, despitenot liking the shiftwork.
By examining the relationships between flexibility and intention tostay in small workplaces such as boutique hotels, our study contributesto both the academic literature on internal labour flexibility and tothe model of intention to stay. For practitioners, this study providesevidence on the use of the type of internal labour flexibilitystrategies used in boutique hotels, contributing to the understandingof how boutique hotels can be successful in retaining valuable staff.
Keywords:
- internal labour flexibility,
- intention to stay,
- boutique hotel
Résumé
Cette étude, qui se concentre sur un type unique de petitesentreprises, les hôtels-boutiques à Istanbul, en Turquie,vise à cerner si l’utilisation de stratégies deflexibilité interne par les employeurs est associéeà l’intention des employés de tels hôtels dedemeurer dans leur organisation. Les stratégies deflexibilité interne réfèrent àl’utilisation de quarts de travail, à la semaine detravail allongée, au temps supplémentaire nonrémunéré et aux heures de travailpréférées par les employés.
Notre étude est centrée sur l’expérience des employés dans des hôtels-boutiques en Turquie, l’une des grandes économies globales dont le secteur de l’hôtellerie est le huitième au monde (Zeytinoglu et al., 2012a et 2012b). Nous y testons le modèle conceptuel des stratégies de flexibilité interne ainsi que l’intention de rester en utilisant les données de 20 entretiens et 122 questionnaires recueillis auprès des employés de 32 hôtels-boutiques.
Comme le montre notre étude à la fois qualitative etquantitative, le recours aux quarts de travail réduitl’intention des employés des hôtels-boutiques derester, tandis que le recours à la semaine de travailallongée et aux heures supplémentaires nonrémunérées n’ont aucune incidence surl’intention de rester. De plus, notre volet qualitatif montre queles environnements de travail de type familial ou avec recours auxproches contribuent à l’intention de rester. Comme nosrépondants l’ont exprimé dans la partie qualitativede cette étude : « ‘Nous sommes comme unefamille!’ et ne pouvons pas quitter notre‘maison’! », même s’ilsn’approuvent pas le recours aux quarts de travail.
En examinant les relations entre la flexibilité etl’intention de rester dans de petits milieux de travail tels queles hôtels-boutiques, notre étude contribue tant àla littérature académique sur la flexibilitéinterne du travail qu’au modèle d’intention derester dans un emploi. Pour les praticiens, cette étude fournitdes données empiriques sur l’utilisation du type destratégies internes de flexibilité du travailutilisées dans les hôtels-boutiques, contribuant ainsià la compréhension de la façon dont leshôtels-boutiques peuvent réussir à retenir leurpersonnel de valeur.
Mots-clés:
- flexibilité interne du travail,
- intention de rester,
- hôtel-boutique
Resumen
Este estudio enfoca un tipo único de pequeño negocio— los hoteles boutique en Estambul, Turquía —, ybusca comprender si el uso de estrategias de flexibilidad por losempleadores está asociado con las intenciones de los empleadosde hoteles boutique de permanecer trabajando en esas organizaciones.Las estrategias de flexibilidad interna se refieren al trabajo porturnos, largas semanas de trabajo, horas extraordinarias no remuneradasy horarios de trabajo preferentes.
Nuestro estudio se centra en la experiencia de los empleados de hoteles boutique en Turquía, que es una de las economías más grandes del mundo, cuyo sector hotelero es el octavo más grande del mundo (Zeytinoglu et al., 2012a y 2012b). Nos inspiramos del modelo conceptual de estrategias de flexibilidad interna y la intención de permanecer utilizando datos de 20 entrevistas y 122 encuestas con empleados en 32 hoteles boutique.
Nuestro estudio cualitativo y cuantitativo pone en evidencia que eltrabajo por turnos reduce la intención de los empleados dehoteles boutique de quedarse, pero las largas semanas de trabajo y lashoras extraordinarias no remuneradas no afectan la intención dequedarse. Además, nuestro estudio cualitativo muestra que losentornos de trabajo casi familiares que existen en los hoteles boutiquecontribuyen a la intención de los empleados de quedarse. Comodijeron nuestros entrevistados en la parte cualitativa del estudio:«¡Somos como una familia! ¡Y no podemosabandonar nuestro ‘hogar’!», a pesar de que no lesguste el trabajo por turnos.
Al examinar las relaciones entre la flexibilidad y la intenciónde permanecer en pequeños lugares de trabajo, como los hotelesboutique, nuestro estudio contribuye tanto a la literaturaacadémica sobre la flexibilidad laboral interna como al modelode intención de permanecer.
Para los profesionales, este estudio proporciona evidencias sobre eluso del tipo de estrategias internas de flexibilidad laboral utilizadasen los hoteles boutique, lo que contribuye a la comprensión decómo los hoteles boutique pueden tener éxito en laretención de personal valioso.
Palabras clave:
- flexibilidad laboral interna,
- intención de permanecer,
- hotel boutique
Appendices
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