Élaboration et validation d’une échelle des agents de stress dans les organisations A Scale of Stress Factors in Organizations: Elaboration and Validation

Résumé

Cette recherche a pour but d'expliciter les mécanismes du stress et d'établir puis valider une échelle hiérarchique des différents agents de stress dans les organisations.

Abstract

The object of this research is to elaborate a model of organizational stress and to establish a hierarchical scale of various organizational stressors in addition to validating such a scale.

Many researchers, amongst them Beehr, Walsh and Taber have established, the fact that stress related to task role such as role ambiguity and non participation has an effect on fatigue, tension and job dissatisfaction. However, up to now, no effort has been made to take stock of the many different organizational stressors. Therefore, an organizational stressors scale was built using the Delphi Technique. The scale was then tested amongst 148 managers in 10 different organizations.

This research demonstrated that there exists a relationship between organizational stress and psychological stress manifestation such as aggressiveness, depression and concentration problems, as well as physiological stress manifestation such as insomnia, gastrointestinal and respiratory problems. This research has also proved that there is a relationship between high organizational stress scores and a high rate of use or abuse of pharmaceutical products such as stimulants.