Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article explore le processus de transformation historiographique de Shōtoku Taishi (574-622) durant l’ère Meiji (1868-1912), époque de forte tension au Japon entre tradition et modernité. Considérée comme l’un des piliers du bouddhisme japonais, la figure de Shōtoku est alors réévaluée au moyen des disciplines académiques occidentales. Nous aborderons les contributions de Murakami Senshō (1851-1929), Sonoda Shūe (1863-1922), Sakaino Kōyō (1871-1933) et Kume Kunitake (1839-1931), qui allièrent méthodologies innovantes et objectifs idéologiques pour remettre en question les récits traditionnels et redéfinir la signification historique de Shōtoku. Leurs travaux s’inscrivent dans le processus plus global de définition de l’identité japonaise, jonglant entre exactitude historique et nationalisme. Malgré des similarités évidentes, chacun a construit une vision bien particulière de Shōtoku, marquée par des influences personnelles et professionnelles. En montrant ainsi l’impact de l’historiographie de Meiji sur la mémoire culturelle du Japon, leurs travaux, bien que largement méconnus aujourd’hui, ont durablement influencé la représentation de Shōtoku.
Mots-clés :
- Shōtoku Taishi,
- historiographie bouddhiste,
- modernisme bouddhiste,
- la période meiji,
- Université de Tokyo
Abstract
This article explores the historiographical transformation of Shōtoku Taishi (574-622) during Japan’s Meiji period (1868-1912), as scholars grappled with the intersection of tradition and modernity. Revered as a foundational figure in Japanese Buddhism, Shōtoku underwent a reevaluation through the lens of Western-influenced academic disciplines. We delve into the contributions of four key intellectuals — Murakami Senshō (1851-1929), Sonoda Shūe (1863-1922), Sakaino Kōyō (1871-1933), and Kume Kunitake (1839-1931). These scholars synthesized new methodologies with ideological expectations, critically engaging with traditional narratives to redefine Shōtoku’s historical significance. Their endeavors reflect a broader negotiation of Japan’s identity, balancing historical accuracy with nationalist sentiments. While they shared similar concerns, each scholar brought a unique perspective to the depiction of the prince, influenced by personal and professional considerations. Although largely overlooked today, their works have shaped modern portrayals of Shōtoku, underscoring the enduring impact of Meiji historiography on Japan’s cultural memory and discourse.
Keywords:
- Shōtoku Taishi,
- Buddhist historiography,
- Buddhist modernism,
- Meiji period,
- University of Tokyo
Appendices
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