Abstracts
Abstract
Although millions of community members have come together in various ways to sponsor and resettle refugees for decades, scholars are just now beginning to study why people get involved and how they organize themselves to accomplish the practical, organizational, and emotional tasks community sponsorship requires. This article contributes to this emerging literature with a meso-level analysis of actions taken by one student-led local committee (LC) to revitalize the World University Service of Canada (WUSC) Student Refugee Program (SRP) nested at its university. Over 2,200 refugee youth have been sponsored through the WUSC SRP to study and settle in Canada since 1978, yet little is known about how campus LCs navigate their responsibilities or evaluate and sustain their program. Analysis of in-depth interviews with executive members was guided by and informs research on community sponsorship and theories of group action, community of practice, and stewardship.
Keywords:
- WUSC SRP,
- refugee resettlement,
- private sponsorship,
- meso-level analysis,
- community of practice,
- stewardship theory,
- Canada
Résumé
Bien que des millions de membres de communautés locales se soient unis de diverses façons pour parrainer et réinstaller des réfugiés pendant des décennies, les chercheurs commencent à peine à étudier les raisons pour lesquelles les gens s’impliquent et comment ils s’organisent pour accomplir les tâches pratiques, organisationnelles et émotionnelles requises par le parrainage communautaire. Cet article contribue à cette littérature émergente avec une analyse de niveau méso des actions prises par un comité local étudiant pour revitaliser le Programme d’étudiants réfugiés (PÉR) d’Entraide universitaire mondiale du Canada (EUMC). Depuis 1978, plus de 2200 jeunes réfugiés ont été parrainés à travers le PÉR EUMC pour étudier et s’installer au Canada. Cependant, on sait peu de choses sur la manière dont les comités locaux sur les campus s’acquittent de leurs responsabilités ou évaluent et maintiennent leur programme. L’analyse d’entretiens approfondis avec des membres exécutifs a été guidée par et contribue à la recherche sur le parrainage communautaire et les théories de l’action de groupe, de la communauté de pratique et de l’intendance.
Download the article in PDF to read it.
Download
Appendices
Bibliography
- Bennett, N. J., Whitty, T. S., Finkbeiner, E., Pittman, J., Bassett, H., Gelcich, S., & Allison, E. H. (2018). Environmental stewardship: A conceptual review and analytical framework. Environmental Management, 61, 597–614. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-017-0993-2
- Bond, J. (2021). The power of politics: Exploring the true potential of community sponsorship programmes. In C. Dauvergne (Ed.), Research handbook on the law and politics of migration (pp. 155–170). Edward Edgar Publishing.
- Bond, J., & Kwadrans, A. (2019). Resettling refugees through community sponsorship: A revolutionary operational approach built on traditional legal infrastructure. Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees, 35(2), 87–109. https://doi.org/10.7202/1064822ar
- Cameron, G. (2020). Reluctant partnership: A political history of private sponsorship in Canada. In S. Labman & J. Cameron (Eds.), Strangers to neighbours: Refugee sponsorship in context (pp. 19–41). McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Chavez, C. (2008). Conceptualizing from the inside: Advantages, complications, and demands on insider positionality. The Qualitative Report, 3(3), 474–494. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2008.1589
- Cukier, W., & Jackson, S. (2018). Social innovation and university-driven refugee resettlement. Peace Review, 30(2), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/10402659.2018.1458955
- Enns, T., Good Gingrich, L., & Perez, L. (2020). Religious heritage, institutionalized ethos, and synergies: The Mennonite Central Committee and Canada’s Private Sponsorship of Refugees Program. In S. Labman& J. Cameron (Eds.), Strangers to neighbours: Refugee sponsorship in context (pp. 95–111). McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Fine, G. A. (1979). Small groups and culture creation: The idioculture of little league baseball teams. American Sociological Review, 44(5), 733–745. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094525
- Fine, G. A. (2010). The sociology of the local: Action and its publics. Sociological Theory, 28(4), 355–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9558.2010.01380.x
- Fine, G. A. (2019). The meso-world: Tiny publics and political action. Qualitative Sociology Review, 15(2), 10–24. https://doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.15.2.02
- Heiskanen, E., Jalas, M., Rinkinen, J., & Tainio, P. (2015). The local community as a “low-carbon lab”: Promises and perils. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 14, 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2014.08.001
- Hernandez, M. (2008). Promoting stewardship behavior in organizations: A leadership model. Journal of Business Ethics, 80, 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9440-2
- Hyndman, J., Reynolds, J., Yousuf, B., Purkey, A., Demoz, D., & Sherrell, K. (2021). Sustaining the private sponsorship of resettled refugees in Canada. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 3, Article 625358. https://doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.625358
- Jackson, W., & Verberg, N. (2007). Methods: Doing social research. Pearson Prentice-Hall.
- Kitamura, K., Nakagawa, C., & Sato, T. (2018). Formation of a community of practice in the watershed scale, with integrated local environmental knowledge. Sustainability, 10(2), Article 404. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020404
- Kyriakides, C., McLuhan, A., Anderson, K., & Bajjali, L. (2020). Transactions of worth in refugee–host relations. In S. Labman & J. Cameron (Eds.), Strangers to neighbours: Refugee sponsorship in context (pp. 198–211). McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Labman, S. (2016). Private sponsorship: Complementary or conflicting interests? Refuge: Canada’s Journal of Refugees, 32(2), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40266
- Labman, S., & Pearlman, M. (2018). Crossing law’s border: Canada’s refugee resettlement program. UBC Press.
- Lange, K. (2020). Mobilization of the legal community to support PSR applications through the Refugee Sponsorship Support Program. In S. Labman & J. Cameron (Eds.), Strangers to neighbours: Refugee sponsorship in context (pp. 212–226). McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991). Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation. Cambridge University Press.
- Macklin, A., Barber, K., Goldring, L., Hyndman, J., & Korteweg, A. (2018). A preliminary investigation into private refugee sponsors. Canadian Ethnic Studies, 50(2), 35–58. http://doi.org/10.1353/ces.2018.0014
- Martin, C. J., & Upham, P. (2015). Grassroots social innovation and the mobilisation of values in collaborative consumption: A conceptual model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 34, 204–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.062
- Martiskainen, M. (2017). The role of community leadership in the development of grassroots innovations. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 22, 78–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2016.05.002
- McCracken, G. (1988). The long interview. Sage Publications.
- McKee, C., Lavell, L., Manks, M., & Korn, A. (2019). Fostering better integration through youth-led refugee sponsorship. Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees, 35(2), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.7202/1064821ar
- McNally, R. (2020). The Blended Visa Office-Referral Program: Perspectives and experiences from rural Nova Scotia. In S. Labman & J. Cameron (Eds.), Strangers to neighbours: Refugee sponsorship in context (pp. 134–151). McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Miles, M. B., Huberman, M., & Saldana, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). Sage Publications..
- Molloy, M. J., Duschinsky, P., Jensen, K. F., & Shalka, R. J. (2017). Running on empty: Canada and the Indochinese refugees, 1975–1980. McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Morris, S., Juma, K., Terretta, M., & Lenard, P. T. (2022). Ordinary people, extraordinary actions: Refuge through activism at Ottawa’s St. Joe’s parish. University of Ottawa Press.
- Pearlman, M. (2020). Operation Ezra: A new way forward. In S. Labman & J. Cameron (Eds.), Strangers to neighbours: Refugee sponsorship in context (pp. 112–133). McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Peterson, G. (2010). “Education changes the world”: The World University Service of Canada Student Refugee Program. Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees, 27(2), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.34728
- Phillimore, J., Reyes-Soto, M., D’Avino, G., & Nicholls, N. (2022). “I have felt so much joy”: The role of emotions in community sponsorship of refugees. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 33, 386–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-021-00349-3
- Plasterer, R. (2010). Investigating integration: The geographies of the WUSC Student Refugee Program at the University of British Columbia. Refuge: Canada’s Journal on Refugees, 27(1), 59–74. https://doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.34349
- Pyrko, I., Dörfler, V., & Eden, C. (2017). Thinking together: What makes communities of practice work? Human Relations, 70(4), 389–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726716661040
- Refugee Sponsorship Training Program. (n.d.). The Private Sponsorship of Refugee (PSR) Program. https://www.rstp.ca/en/refugee-sponsorship/the-private-sponsorship-of-refugees-program/
- Ritchie, G. (2018). Civil society, the state, and private sponsorship: The political economy of refugee resettlement. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 37(6), 663–675. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2018.1513429
- Shankar, S., O’Brien, H. L., How, E., Lu, Y., Mabi, M., & Rose, C. (2016). The role of information in the settlement experiences of refugee students. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 53(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.2016.14505301141
- Seyfang, G., & Smith, A. (2007). Grassroots innovations for sustainable development: Towards a new research and policy agenda, Environmental Politics, 16(4), 584–603. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644010701419121
- Statistics Canada. (2016). Census profile: Antigonish, Nova Scotia. https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=POPC&Code1=0019&Geo2=PR&Code2=12&SearchText=Antigonish&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=0019&TABID=1&type=0
- Verberg, N., & Khoury, J. (2017). Team Syria: The ripple effect of university–community partnerships. Canadian Diversity, 14(3), 29–30. https://acs-metropolis.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/canadiandiversity-vol14-no3-2017-qtw2f.pdf
- Vergragt, P., Akenjii, L., & Dewick, P. (2014). Sustainable production, consumption, and livelihoods: Global and regional research perspectives. Journal of Cleaner Production, 63, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.09.028
- Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge University Press.
- Wenger-Trayner, E., & Wenger-Trayner, B. (2015). Communities of practice: A brief introduction. https://www.ohr.wisc.edu/cop/articles/communities_practice_intro_wenger.pdf
- West, S., Haider, L. J., Masterson, V., Enqvist, J. P., Svedin, U., & Tengö, M. (2018). Stewardship, care, and relational values. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 35, 30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.10.008
- Wilkinson, S., & Kitzinger, C. (2013). Representing our own experience: Issues in “insider” research. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 37(2), 251–255. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684313483111
- Wong, A. H. C. (2013). An exploratory study of resilience in refugee post-secondary students [Doctoral dissertation, University of Alberta]. https://doi.org/10.7939/R3BZ61H3G
- World University Service of Canada (WUSC). (n.d.). Student Refugee Program. https://srp.wusc.ca