Abstracts
Résumé
Objectif. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer la validité de construit de la version française de l’échelle Perception Of Prevalence of Aggression Scale (POPAS), un questionnaire auto-rapporté mesurant l’exposition à la violence au travail commise par la clientèle du milieu de la santé et des services sociaux. Méthode. Un échantillon de 310 intervenants en protection de la jeunesse est utilisé afin de confirmer la structure interne à quatre facteurs de l’instrument. À défaut de confirmer cette structure, un modèle d’équation structurelle exploratoire est utilisé. Les facteurs retenus sont soumis aux tests d’alpha de Cronbach qui permettent d’évaluer leur cohérence interne. Ils sont corrélés avec la version française du Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale (PCLS) et du nombre de jours d’absence du travail causé par la violence afin d’évaluer la validité convergente. Il sont également corrélées avec le Felt Accountability (FA) afin d’évaluer la validité divergente. Des analyses de comparaison en fonction du lieu de travail permettent d’explorer la validité de critère. Résultats. L’analyse factorielle confirmatoire ne confirme pas la structure à quatre facteurs du POPAS. L’équation structurelle exploratoire valide une structure à trois facteurs : « violence verbale », « violence physique » et « violence envers soi-même ». Les deux premiers possèdent une bonne cohérence interne. Les corrélations positives entre ces deux facteurs et le PCLS, ainsi qu’entre ces deux facteurs et le nombre de jours d’absence appuient la validité convergente du POPAS. Toutefois, l’absence de corrélation significative entre le dernier facteur et le PCLS, et entre ce facteur et le nombre de jour d’absence n’appuient pas cette convergence. L’absence de corrélation des facteurs avec le FA appuie la validité divergente du POPAS. Les différences observées selon les environnements de travail attestent aussi de la validité de critère. Discussion. La validité de construit de la version française canadienne du POPAS suggère que l’outil permet d’évaluer la fréquence subjective de différentes formes de violence au travail vécues par les intervenants en protection de la jeunesse. Il offre ainsi une alternative aux données officielles (c.-à-d. déclaration d’incidents à l’employeur) qui reflètent peu la réalité de ces travailleurs compte tenu de la sous-déclaration des incidents de violence dans ce milieu.
Mots-clés :
- POPAS,
- violence au travail de type II,
- validité de construit,
- propriétés psychométriques,
- intervenants en protection de la jeunesse
Abstract
Objective. The objective of this study is to evaluate the construct validity of the French Canadian version of the Perception Of Prevalence of Aggression Scale (POPAS), a self-report questionnaire measuring exposure to workplace violence committed by clients in the health and social services sector. Method. A sample of 310 youth protection workers is utilized to confirm the four-factor internal structure of the instrument. If this structure is not confirmed, an exploratory structural equation model is used. The selected factors undergo Cronbach alpha tests that assess their internal consistency. They are correlated with the French version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale (PCLS) and the number of absentee days caused by violence in order to measure convergent validity. There are also correlated with the Felt Accountability (FA) scale to assess divergent validity. Comparison analyses according to work environments assess criterion validity. Results. The confirmatory factor analysis does not corroborate the four-factor structure of the POPAS. The exploratory structural equation model validates a three-factor structure: ‘‘verbal violence’’, ‘‘physical violence’’ and ‘‘violence against oneself’’. The first two possess good internal consistency. The positive correlations between these two factors and the PCLS, as well as between these two factors and the number of absentee days, support the convergent validity of POPAS. However, the absence of a significant correlation between the last factor and the PCLS, as well as between this factor and the number of absentee days, does not support convergence. The lack of correlation between the factors and the FA supports the divergent validity of the POPAS. The differences observed as they relate to work environments also attest to criterion validity. Discussion. The construct validity of the French Canadian version of the POPAS suggests that this instrument allows for an evaluation of the subjective frequency of different forms of workplace violence experienced by youth protection workers. It therefore represents an alternative to the use of official data (i.e. incident reports made to the employer), which poorly reflect the reality of these workers given the underreporting of violent incidents in this sector.
Keywords:
- POPAS,
- type II workplace violence,
- construct validity,
- psychometric properties,
- youth protection workers
Appendices
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