Abstracts
Abstract
Stork’s bill was observed for the first time in 2009, and again in 2010, in a 22-yr-old conservation tillage study at La Pocatière, Québec. Within a year, the species had spread from two to ten plots, with densities ranging between 100 and 232 plants m-2 in 2010 compared with ≤ 12 plants m-2 in 2009. Currently, stork’s bill is not a major agricultural weed in eastern Canada; it should therefore be monitored closely and acted upon rapidly to prevent its establishment and spread. The relatively high hemp-nettle density in no-till compared with tilled treatments in 2009 was attributed to a cultivation operation conducted exceptionally in no-till treatments, confirming the responsiveness of the species to tillage.
Keywords:
- conservation tillage,
- Erodium cicutarium,
- Galeopsis tetrahit,
- hemp-nettle,
- no-till,
- redstem filaree,
- stork’s bill,
- weed seedbank
Résumé
L’érodium cicutaire a été observée pour la première fois en 2009, puis à nouveau en 2010, dans une étude sur la conservation des sols en place depuis 22 ans, à La Pocatière, Québec. En un an, l’espèce s’est répandue de deux à dix parcelles et la densité est passée de ≤ 12 plants m-2 en 2009 à 100-232 plants m-2 en 2010. L’érodium cicutaire, n’étant pas une mauvaise herbe d’importance agricole dans l’est canadien, devra être surveillée étroitement de façon à pouvoir intervenir rapidement et prévenir son expansion. La densité relativement élevée d’ortie royale dans le semis direct comparativement aux parcelles avec travail du sol en 2009 a été attribuée à une opération exceptionnelle de sarclage mécanique dans le semis direct, ce qui confirme la sensibilité de l’espèce au travail du sol.
Mots clés:
- banque de graines de mauvaises herbes,
- érodium cicutaire,
- Erodium cicutarium,
- Galeopsis tetrahit,
- ortie royale,
- pratiques de conservation des sols,
- semis direct
Appendices
References
- Blackshaw, R.E. 1992. Soil temperature, soil moisture, and seed burial effects on redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium) emergence. Weed Sci. 40 : 204-207.
- Blackshaw, R.E., and T. Entz. 1995. Day and night temperature effects on vegetative growth of Erodium cicutarium. Weed Res. 35 : 471-476.
- Blackshaw, R.E., and K.N. Harker. 1998a. Redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium) development and productivity under non-competitive conditions. Weed Technol. 12 : 590-594.
- Blackshaw, R.E., and K.N. Harker. 1998b.Erodium cicutarium density and duration of interference effects on yield of wheat, oilseed rape, pea, and dry bean. Weed Res. 38 : 55-62.
- Blackshaw, R.E., G.P. Semach, and J.T. O’Donovan. 2000. Utilization of wheat seed rate to manage redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium) in a zero-tillage cropping system. Weed Sci. 14 : 389-396.
- Conn, J.S., and N.R. Werdin-Pfisterer. 2010. Variation in seed viability and dormancy of 17 weed species after 24.7 years of burial: the concept of buried safe site. Weed Sci. 58 : 209-215.
- Darbyshire, S.J. 2003. Inventory of Canadian agricultural weeds. [Online] http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/A42-100-2003E.pdf. Accessed 2010-10-25. Pages 160-161.
- Leeson, J.Y., A.G. Thomas, L.M. Hall, C.A. Brenzil, T. Andrews, K.R. Brown, and R.C. Van Acker. 2005. Prairie weed surveys of cereal, oilseed and pulse crops from the 1970s to the 2000s. Weed Survey Series Publ. 05-1. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, Saskatoon, SK. 395 p.
- Légère, A. 1987. Répression de Galeopsis tetrahit dans le triticale d’automne. Rapport de recherche, Comité d’experts sur la malherbologie, section est. Pages 53 and 626.
- Légère, A., and J.-M. Deschênes. 1989. Influence of time of emergence and plant density on growth of hemp-nettle (Galeopsis tetrahit). Can. J. Plant Sci. 69 : 171-183.
- Légère, A., F.C. Stevenson, D.L. Benoit, and N. Samson. 2005. Seedbank-plant relationships for 19 weed taxa in spring barley-red clover cropping systems. Weed Sci. 53 : 640-650.
- Légère, A., F.C. Stevenson, D.L. Benoit. 2011. The selective memory of weed seedbanks after 18 years of conservation tillage. Weed Sci. 59 : 98-106.
- Lutman, P.J.W., G.W. Cussans, K.J. Wright, B.J. Wilson, G. McN Wright, and H.M. Lawson. 2002. The persistence of seeds of 16 weed species over six years in two arable fields. Weed Res. 42 : 231-241.
- O’Donovan, J.T., and M.P. Sharma. 1987. The biology of Canadian weeds. 78. Galeopsis tetrahit L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 67 : 787-796.
- Thomas, A.G., D.J. Doohan, and K.V. McCully. 1994. Weed survey of spring cereals in New Brunswick. Phytoprotection 75 : 113-124.
- Thompson, K., J. Bakker, and R. Bekker. 1997. The Soil Seed Banks of North West Europe: Methodology, Density, and Longevity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 276 p.
10.7202/706058ar