Abstracts
Abstract
Fungicide application strategies (timing, frequency, rates and mixtures) are important for the control and resistance management of potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. The efficacy of fungicide mixtures consisting of fenamidone + mancozeb and propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at various rates and in spray regimes containing metalaxyl and mancozeb was evaluated for late blight control (US-1) at four locations in Kenya. Propamocarb HCL + mancozeb significantly (P < 0.05) reduced foliar blight compared with mancozeb and the untreated control under moderate to severe disease pressure. Disease severity was significantly lower following application of propamocarb HCL + mancozeb at a rate of 4L ha-1 than at rates of 2L and 3L ha-1 in 1999 and 2000, but it was not significantly lower following applications at a rate of 3L ha-1 in 2000 and 2001. There were no significant differences in mean final late blight score among the three rates of 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1 kg ha-1 of fenamidone + mancozeb. All fungicide mixtures and application sequences significantly reduced the area under the disease progress curve and final late blight scores as compared with the unprotected control. Total and marketable tuber yield significantly (P < 0.05) increased in all fungicide-treated plots.
Keywords:
- Combinations,
- fungicide mixtures,
- late blight,
- Phytophthora infestans,
- Solanum tuberosum,
- US-1 genotype
Résumé
Les stratégies d’application de fongicides (calendrier, fréquence, taux et mélanges) sont importantes pour la gestion et la lutte au mildiou de la pomme de terre, une maladie causée par le Phytophthora infestans. L’efficacité de mélanges fongicides composés de fénamidone + mancozèbe et de propamocarbe HCL + mancozèbe à différents taux et différents régimes d’arrosage comprenant du métalaxyl et du mancozèbe a été évaluée en ce qui a trait à la lutte au mildiou (US-1) dans quatre sites au Keyna. Le mélange composé de propamocarbe HCL + mancozèbe a réduit le mildiou de façon significative (P < 0.05) comparativement au mancozèbe utilisé seul et au témoin lorsque la maladie était de modérée à sévère. La maladie était significativement moins sévère après l’application de 4L ha-1 du mélange composé de propamocarbe HCL + mancozèbe qu’après une application à des taux de 2L et 3L ha-1 en 1999 et 2000, mais elle n’était pas significativement moins sévère après des applications de 3L ha-1 en 2000 et 2001. Il n’y avait pas de différence significative dans le taux final moyen du mildiou entre les trois applications de 0,9, 1,0 et 1,1 kg ha-1 de fénamidone + mancozèbe. Tous les mélanges fongicides et les séquences d’application ont réduit de façon significative la surface sous la courbe de la progression de la maladie et les taux finaux de mildiou comparativement au témoin non protégé. Le rendement total et le rendement de valeur marchande des tubercules ont augmenté de façon significative (P < 0.05) dans toutes les parcelles traitées avec des fongicides.
Mots clés:
- Combinaisons,
- génotype US-1,
- mélanges fongicides,
- mildiou,
- Phytophthora infestans,
- Solanum tuberosum
Appendices
References
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