Abstracts
Abstract
We evaluated the vertical stratification of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) (CPB) populations in flight above fields of conventional potato, an insect resistant potato field expressing genes for Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Btt) toxins and a non-host clover field. Flight interception traps at 0 - 1.2, 1.2 - 2.4 and 2.4 - 3.6 m above ground were used to determine the vertical profiles of the aerial population over each crop for a growing season. The distribution of overwintered and summer CPB catches above conventional potatoes was similar with a significant effect of trap height on catch. The same vertical distribution profile was observed for overwintered CPB and a similar trend for summer CPB above the insect resistant field. Few overwintered beetles were captured over the clover field but enough summer CPBs were caught to detect a trend similar to that on resistant potatoes. Additional data show that more than 70% of CPBs fly less than 4 m in distance at a height of less than 2 m. These data suggest that the vertical flight profiles observed result from local dispersal of resident populations, or low level flights of summer beetles, but not from high level flights of dispersing overwintered adults.
Résumé
L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer si la stratification verticale des populations du doryphore de la pomme de terre (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) en vol au-dessus de champs de pommes de terre conventionnelles est maintenue au-dessus de champs de pommes de terre exprimant les gènes pour la toxine de résistance du Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis (Btt) ainsi qu’au-dessus de champs non-hôtes tel un champ de trèfle. Le profil vertical de la population aérienne de doryphores au-dessus de chaque type de champ pendant une saison complète a été déterminé en utilisant des pièges à interception placés à 0 - 1.2, 1.2 - 2.4 et 2.4 - 3.6 m au-dessus du sol. La distribution des captures de doryphores de printemps et d’été au-dessus du champ de pommes de terre conventionnelles était similaire et était caractérisée par une chute significative des captures en fonction de la hauteur des pièges. La même distribution verticale fut observée pour les doryphores de printemps et une tendance similaire fut observée pour les doryphores d’été au-dessus du champ résistant à l’insecte. Très peu de doryphores de printemps furent capturés au-dessus du champ de trèfle mais suffisamment de doryphores d’été pour détecter une tendance similaire à celle observée au-dessus du champ de pommes de terre résistantes à l’insecte. Des données additionnelles obtenues au champ montrent que plus de 70 % des doryphores volent sur moins de 4 m de distance et à une hauteur de moins de 2 m. Ces données suggèrent que les profils de distribution verticale observés dans cette étude sont le résultat des vols de dispersion locale par les populations résidentes de doryphores de printemps et d’été mais ne décrivent pas les vols à plus haute altitude des doryphores de printemps en dispersion.
Appendices
References
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