Abstracts
Résumé
La N-glycosylation est un mécanisme post-traductionnel ubiquitaire dans les cellules de mammifères dont les grandes étapes sont maintenant bien caractérisées. La découverte d’un groupe d’erreurs innées humaines affectant ce processus a fait évoluer les idées concernant la synthèse des N-glycosylprotéines (N-GP) et a permis une meilleure compréhension de ce mécanisme complexe. Des mutations de plusieurs gènes impliqués dans la biosynthèse et la maturation des N-GP ont été caractérisées. En revanche, les liens entre les anomalies de glycosylation des N-GP et leurs répercussions cliniques n’ont pratiquement pas été explorés. Ce travail reste donc à accomplir et représente un défi qui pourrait, dans un certain nombre de cas, permettre d’envisager des voies de recherche thérapeutique.
Summary
Protein N-glycosylation is a widely occurring and vital posttranslational modification in mammalian cells. Although the molecular machinery that is involved in the biosynthesis of these glycoconjugates has been largely identified, the recent discovery of a family of rare inborn diseases in which glycoproteins are abnormally glycosylated has both changed some of our ideas concerning glycoprotein biosynthesis, and given us new insights into this complex process. Advances in the diagnosis of the congenital disorders of glycosylation are well under way and mutations in several of the genes involved in the biosynthesis and maturation of N-linked glycans have been shown to underlie these diseases. By contrast, the chain of events that lead from faulty protein glycosylation to the often severe clinical presentation is an as yet unexplored aspect of these metabolic disorders, and represents a challenge for the future.
Appendices
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