Abstracts
Résumé
Foyer d’inflammation chronique, la plaque d’athérome est considérée comme une réponse à des agressions. Supprimer les causes irritatives semble être un excellent moyen de prévenir la maladie: maîtriser l’infection fait ainsi partie des solutions examinées pour résoudre le défi étiologique de l’athérosclérose. De manière directe ou non, spécifique ou non, diverses infections virales ou bactériennes sont soupçonnées de déclencher ou de favoriser la formation ou les complications des plaques. Aucune de ces pistes n’a pourtant encore atteint le niveau de preuve autorisant autre chose que des spéculations: traitements anti-infectieux ou vaccinations antimicrobiennes pour améliorer la maîtrise de la maladie coronaire ne sont aujourd’hui que de riches, mais lointaines, espérances.
Summary
As an inflammatory focus, the atherosclerotic plaque is viewed as a response to aggressions. Suppressing these causal injuries appears as the best means for preventing the disease. Infection is among the clues for answering the etiological challenge of atherosclerosis. Through direct or indirect, and specific or non specific pathways, some candidate viruses or bacteria are suspected to induce or stimulate plaque formation or complications. Yet, none of these working hypotheses has reached the level of proof required for establishing a valid concept. Although submitted to intensive investigations, anti-infectious drugs and antimicrobial vaccinations are still far-sighted expectations in the treatment and prevention of coronary artery disease.
Appendices
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