Abstracts
Résumé
L’émergence et la transmission de souches résistantes du virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH), qui se traduisent par une perte significative de l’efficacité du traitement anti-VIH, s’imposent aujourd’hui comme un problème de santé publique dans la plupart des pays du Sud. À cet égard, il est urgent que l’accès aux antirétroviraux dans les pays à faibles revenus s’accompagne de la mise en place de programmes régionaux et nationaux visant à améliorer l’adhésion des patients à la thérapie, afin de limiter le développement des résistances. La qualité des systèmes de santé, les particularités épidémiologiques du VIH/sida ainsi que le choix limité dans l’éventail des médicaments disponibles obligent les pays du Sud à définir la meilleure association thérapeutique initiale.
Summary
HIV drug resistance has been associated with treatment failure in Western countries but the lessons learned can be useful in optimization of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in resource-poor settings. There is a need to improve access to HAART in such regions, but appropriate strategies must be rapidly implemented, such as adapted programs to facilitate adherence to therapy, rational use of genotypic drug resistance monitoring in specific situations, and use of alternative treatment regimens. The implications of HIV genetic diversity must also be considered in management of drug resistance.
Appendices
Références
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