Abstracts
Résumé
Les maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) sont devenues l’une des causes majeures de mortalité dans les sociétés occidentales. De nombreux facteurs de risque sont associés à ces maladies, parmi lesquelles le diabète, l’obésité, la résistance à l’insuline, les dyslipidémies et l’hypertension. La prise en charge de ces maladies est devenue un enjeu majeur de santé publique, qui a donné lieu au développement d’un arsenal thérapeutique destiné à lutter contre ces anomalies. Les fibrates permettent de corriger efficacement les dyslipidémies et diminuent le risque d’accidents cardiovasculaires. Les thiazolidinediones (TZD) ou glitazones agissent efficacement sur le diabète en augmentant la sensibilité à l’insuline et en diminuant la glycémie. Ces deux familles de médicaments agissent au niveau moléculaire en activant les récepteurs nucléaires peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), qui jouent un rôle central dans la régulation du métabolisme lipidique et le contrôle de la glycémie. Dans cet article, nous aborderons le mode d’action des fibrates et des TZD et présenterons les nouvelles molécules en développement ayant pour cible pharmacologique les PPAR.
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality in the western societies. Several risk factors predispose to CVD including diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Various pharmacological therapies have been developped to control the risk factors associated to CVD. Fibrates are able to correct dyslipidemia, therefore decreasing CVD risk. Thiazolidinediones (TZD) or glitazones by increasing insulin sensitivity decrease plasma glucose levels in diabetic patients. Both fibrates and TZD activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a family of nuclear receptors that play a central role in the control of lipid and glucose metabolism. In this review, we will discuss the mode of action of fibrates and TZD and we will present an overview on PPAR ligands under development.
Appendices
Références
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