Abstracts
Résumé
Comment se prennent les décisions dans des contextes où il faut agir rapidement et où la moindre erreur peut remettre en cause l’intégrité d’une organisation et de ses membres ? Que se passe-t-il d’autre part si les acteurs de niveaux hiérarchiques différents ne convergent pas rapidement sur la compréhension de la situation et sur les priorités à définir ? L’analyse de la catastrophe de la centrale nucléaire de Fukushima Dai Ichi (Japon, 2011) révèle que le recours aux interactions entre différents niveaux hiérarchiques peut conduire à des résultats contrastés en termes de fiabilité, contrairement aux propositions de l’approche sensemaking (Weick, 1993). L’étude détaille différents processus de décision permettant d’améliorer la fiabilité des interactions.
Mots-clés :
- prise de décision,
- situation d’urgence,
- complexité,
- interactions,
- fiabilité
Abstract
How are decisions made in contexts where action must be taken quickly and where the slightest error can call into question the integrity of an organisation and its members? What happens, on the other hand, if actors at different hierarchical levels do not quickly converge on an understanding of the situation and on the priorities to be defined? The analysis of the Fukushima Dai Ichi nuclear power plant disaster (Japan, 2011) reveals that the use of interactions between different hierarchical levels can lead to contrasting results in terms of reliability, contrasting with the proposals of the sensemaking approach (Weick, 1993). The study details different decision processes to improve the reliability of interactions.
Keywords:
- decision making,
- emergency,
- complexity,
- interactions,
- reliability
Resumen
¿Cómo se toman decisiones en contextos en los que hay que actuar con rapidez y en los que el más mínimo error puede hacer peligrar la integridad de una organización y sus miembros? ¿Qué ocurre, por otra parte, si los actores de diferentes niveles jerárquicos no convergen rápidamente en la comprensión de la situación y en la definición de las prioridades? El análisis de la catástrofe de la central nuclear de Fukushima Dai Ichi (Japón, 2011) revela que recurrir a interacciones entre los diferentes niveles jerárquicos puede conducir a resultados contrastados en términos de fiabilidad, en contraste con las propuestas del enfoque sensemaking (Weick, 1993). El estudio detalla diferentes procesos de decisión que permiten mejorar la fiabilidad de las interacciones.
Palabras clave:
- toma de decisiones,
- emergencia,
- complejidad,
- interacciones,
- fiabilidad
Appendices
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