Abstracts
Résumé
Très peu de travaux établissent une relation entre les stratégies de coopétition et la performance de l’entreprise. Aucun de ces travaux ne met à jour l’impact des stratégies de coopétition sur la performance comparativement à l’impact des stratégies agressive et coopérative.
Afin de combler ce vide, cette recherche étudie l’impact des stratégies coopétitives sur les performances de marché, comparativement à celui des stratégies agressive et coopérative. Les résultats montrent que les stratégies agressive, coopérative et coopétitive sont significativement distinctes; de même que la performance de marché dépend de la stratégie adoptée par la firme vis-à-vis de ses concurrents.
Mots-clés :
- Agressivité,
- Coopération,
- Coopétition,
- Coexistence,
- Performance,
- Opérateurs de téléphonie mobile
Abstract
There are few studies that attempt to establish a relationship between coopetition strategies and firm performance. None of these studies has attempted to evaluate the impact of coopetition strategies on performance compared to the impact of aggressive and cooperative strategies.
To fill this gap, this research investigates the impact of coopetition strategies on market performance, compared to the impact of aggressive and cooperative strategies. The results show that the three strategies (aggressive, cooperative and coopetitive) are significantly different. In addition the market performance of a firm depends on the strategy, aggressive, cooperative or coopetitive, that it adopts vis-à-vis its competitors.
Keywords:
- Aggressiveness,
- Cooperation,
- Coopetition,
- Coexistence,
- Performance,
- Mobile phone operators
Resumen
Pocos estudios establecen una relación entre las estrategias de coopetición y el resultado de la empresa. Ninguno de estos estudios pone de manifiesto el impacto de las estrategias de coopetición sobre el resultado comparado con el impacto de las estrategias agresivas y cooperativas.
Con el fin de resolver este vacío teorético, esta investigación analiza el impacto de las estrategias coopetitivas en el resultado comparado con el impacto de las estrategias agresiva y cooperativas. Los resultados muestran que las estrategias agresivas, cooperativas y coopetitivas son significativamente distintas. Además, el resultado de la empresa depende de la estrategia adoptada con sus competidores.
Palabras clave:
- agresividad,
- coopetición,
- convivencia,
- resultado,
- operador de telefonía móvil
Appendices
Bibliographie
- Ahuja, Gautam. (2000). « The Duality of Collaboration: Introducing and Opportunities in the Formation of Inter-firm Linkage », Strategic Management Journal, vol. 21, n°3, p. 317-329.
- Basdeo, Dax. K.; Smith, Ken.G.; Grimm, Curtis. M.; Rindova, Violina. P.; Derfus, Pamela. J. (2006). The impact of market actions on firm reputation. Strategic Management Journal, vol. 27, n° 12, p.1205-1219.
- Baum, Joel A. C.; Jane E. Dutton (1996). Advances in Strategic Management 1996: The Embeddedness of Strategy, Greenwich, CT : JAI Press, 430p.
- Baum, Joel. A. C.; Calabrese, Tony; Silverman, Brian S. (2000), « Don’t go it alone: Alliance network composition and start-ups performance in Canadian biotechnology », Strategic Management Journal, vol. 21, Special Issue n° 3, p. 267-294.
- Beier, Frederick J.; Stern, Louis W. (1969). « Power in the Channel of distribution », in Louis W. Stern, (eds)., Distribution Channels: Behavioral Dimensions, Boston Houghton Mifflin Co., pp. 92-116.
- Belderbos, René; Caree, Martin; Lokshin Boris, (2004). « Cooperative R&D and firm performance », Research Policy, vol. 33, n° 10, p. 1477-1492.
- Bengtsson, Maria; Kock, Sören, (1999). « Cooperation and Competition in relationships between competitors in business Networks », The Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, vol. 14, n°3, p. 178- 190.
- Bengtsson, Maria; Kock Sören, (2000). « Coopetition in business Networks to cooperate and Compete Simultaneously », Industrial Marketing, vol. 29, n° 5, p 411-426.
- Brandenburger, Adam; Nalebuff, Barry, (1996). Co-opetition. New York : Doubleday.
- Burt, Ronald (1992). Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA.
- Chen, Ming-Jer; MacMillan, Ian (1992). « Nonresponse and delayed response to competitive moves: The roles of competitor dependence and action irreversibility », Academy of Management Journal, vol. 35, n°3, p 539-570.
- Contractor, Farok. J.; Lorange Peter, (1988). « Competition vs. Cooperation: A Benefit/Cost Framework for Choosing Between Fully-Owned Investments and Cooperative Relationships », Management International Review, vol. 28, n° 4, p 5-18.
- Dagnino, Giovanni B.; Le Roy, Frédéric; Yamin, Saïd, (2007). « La Dynamique des stratégies de Coopétition », Revue Française de Gestion, Vol.33, n°176; p. 87-98.
- D’Aveni, Richard, (1995). Hypercompétition, Vuibert, Paris
- Doz, Yves L.; Hamel, Garry (1998). Alliance advantage: The art of creating value through form and action, Harvard Business School Press Boston, Massachusetts, p 366-394.
- Dussauge, Pierre; Garrette, Bernard, (1995), « Determinants of success in international strategic alliances: Evidence from the global aerospace industry », Journal of International Business Studies, vol. 26, n°3, p505-531
- Dyer, Jeffrey H. (1997). « Effective Inter-firm Collaboration: How firms mimic transaction costs and minimize transaction value », Strategic Management Journal, vol. 18, n°7, p.535-557.
- Eisenhardt, Kathleen M.; Schoonhover, Claudia Bird (1996). « Resource based view of strategic alliance formation: Strategic and social effects of Entrepreneurial firms », Organization Science, vol.7, n° 2, p.136-150.
- Faust, Katherine, (1997). « Centrality in Affiliation Networks », Social Networks, vol. 19, n°2, p 157-191.
- Ferrier, Walter; Smith Ken G; Grimm Curtis, (1999). « The role of competitive action in market share Erosion and Industry Dethronement: A study of Industry Leaders and Challengers », Academy of Management Journal, vol. 42, n°4, p372-327.
- Ferrier Walter J.; Lee, Hun (2002), « Strategic Aggressiveness, Variation, and Surprise: How the Sequential Pattern of Competitive Rivalry Influences Stock Market Returns », Journal of Managerial Issues, vol. 14, n°2, p. 162-180.
- Ferrier W. J., Mac Fhionnlavich Cormac; Smith Ken G; Grimm Curtis, (2002). « The Impact of performance distress on Aggressive Competitive Behaviour: A reconciliation of conflicting Views », Managerial and Decision Economics, vol. 23, n° 4-5, p.301-316.
- Ferrier, Walter; Peteraf, Margaret A. (2002). « Conversation on the dynamics context and consequences of strategy: Introduction to the Special Issue », Managerial and Decision Economics, vol. 23, n°5, p.143-156.
- Ferrier, Walter (2000), « Playing to Win: the Role of Competitive Disruption and Aggressiveness » in Bresser R.K., Hitt M.A., Nixon R.D., Heuskel D. (Eds), Winning Strategies in a Deconstructing World, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, p. 163-189.
- Ferrier, Walter (2001). « Navigating the Competitive Landscape: The Drivers and Consequences of Competitive Aggressiveness », Academy of management Journal, vol. 44, n °4, p 858-877.
- Ferrier, Walter J.; Lyon, Douglas W. (2004). « Competitive Repertoire Simplicity and Firm Performance: The moderating Role of TMT Heterogeneity », Managerial and Decision Economics, vol. 25, n°6-7, p 317-327.
- Fjeldstad, Øystein D; Becerra, Manuel; Narayanan, Sathya (2004). « Strategic Action in Network Industries: An empirical Analysis of the European Mobile Phone Industry », Scandinavian Journal of Management, vol. 20, p173-196.
- Galaskiewicz, Joseph; Zaheer, Akbar (1999). « Networks of competitive advantage », Research in the Sociology of Organizations, vol.16, p. 237-261.
- Gauzente, Claire (2000), « Mesurer la performance des entreprises en l’absence d’indicateurs objectifs : quelle validité ? », Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, vol. 3, n°2, p145-167.
- Ginsberg, Ari (1988), « Measuring and modelling changes in strategy: Theoretical foundations and empirical directions », Strategic Management Journal, vol. 9, n°6, p559–575.
- Gnyawali, Devy R.; He, Jinyu; Madhavan, Ravindranath (2006). « Impact of Coopetition on Firm Competitive Behavior: An Empirical Examination », Journal of Management, vol. 32, n° 4, p. 507–530.
- Gnyawalli, Devy R.; Madhavan, Ravindranath, (2001). « Cooperative Networks and competitive dynamics: A structural embeddedness perspective », Academy of Management Review, vol. 26, n°3, p 431-445.
- Granovetter, Mark (1985). « Economic Action and Social Structure: The problem of Embeddedness », American Journal of Sociology, vol. 91, n° 3, p 481-510.
- Grimm, Curtis M.; Smith, Ken J., (1997). Strategy as Action: Industry Rivalry and Coordination, OH South-Western College Publishing.
- Gulati, Ranjay (1995). « Social Structure and Alliance formation patterns: A Longitudinal Analysis », Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 40, n°4, p 619-653.
- Gulati, Ranjay; Nohria, Nitin; Zaheer, Akbar (2000), « Strategic Networks », Strategic Management Journal, vol.21, n°3, p 203-215.
- Hagedoorn, John; Schakenraad, Jos (1994), « The Effect of Strategic Technology Alliances on Company Performance », Strategic Management Journal, vol. 15, n°4, p. 4-23.
- Ibarra, Herminia; Andrews, Steven B., (1993). « Power, social influence, and sense making: Effects of network centrality and proximity on employee perceptions », Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 38, n° 2, p 277-304.
- Jarillo, J. Carlos, (1988), « On strategic networks », Strategic Management Journal vol. 9, n°1, p 31–41.
- Jauch, Lawrence R.; Osborn, N., Richard; Martin, Thomas, N. (1980) « Structured Content Analysis of Cases: a Complementary Method for Organizational Research », Academy of Management Review, vol. 5, n°4, p. 517-525.
- Lado, Augustine A.; Boyd, Nancy G.; Hanlon, Susan G., (1997). « Competition, Cooperation and the Search for Economic Rents: A Syncretic Model », Academy of Management Review, vol. 22, n°1, p 110-141.
- Luo, Xueming; Rindfleisch, Aric; Tse, David K. (2007). Working with Rivals: The Impact of Competitor Alliances on Financial Performance, Journal of Marketing Research, vol. 44, n°1, p. 73-83.
- MacCrimmon, Kenneth (1993). « Do Firm Strategies exist? », Strategic Management Journal, vol.14, special Issue, p.113-130.
- Marques, Pierre; Robert, Frank; Le Roy, Frédéric (2009). « Coopetition between SMEs: an empirical study of French professional football », International Journal of Entrepreneurship & Small Business, vol. 8, n°1, Special Issue : Coopetition and Entrepreneurship, p. 23-43.
- Martinet, A-C. (1990). Epistémologie et sciences de gestion, Paris, Economica.
- Miles, Raymond E; Snow, Charles C.(1992). « Causes of Failure in Network Organizations », California Management Review, vol.34, n°4,p. 53-72.
- Miller, Danny; Chen, Ming-Jer (1996). « The Simplicity of Competitive Repertoires: An Empirical Analysis », Strategic Management Journal vol. 17, n° 6, p 419-439.
- Morris, Michael H.; Koçak, Akin; Alper, Özer (2007). Coopetition as a small business strategy: implications for performance, Journal of Small Business Strategy, vol. 19, n°1, p 35-55.
- Nalebuff, Barry; Brandenburger, Adam (1996). La co-opétition, une révolution dans la manière de jouer concurrence et coopération, Paris, Village Mondial.
- Nalebuff B.J.; Brandenburger A.M. (1997). « Co-opetition: Competitive and cooperative business strategies for the digital economy », Strategy & Leadership, vol. 25, n°6, p28-35.
- Nayyar, Praveen R.; Karen, A. Bantel, (1994). « Competitive Agility: A Source of Competition Advantage based on Speed and Variety », Advances in Strategic Management, vol. 10, n°4, p193-222.
- Neyens, Inge; Faems, Dries; Sels Luc, (2010). « The impact of continuous and discontinuous alliance strategies on start-up innovation performance », International Journal of Technology Management, vol.52, n°3-4, p.392-410.
- Nieto, María Jesús; Santamarıa, Lluis (2007). « The importance of diverse collaborative networks for the novelty of product innovation », Technovation, vol. 27, n°6-7, p 367–377.
- Nohria, Nitin (1992). « Is a Network Perspective a Useful way of Studying Organization? »,dans Nohria N. and Eccles R. (1992), Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action, Harvard University Press Boston MA.
- Offstein, Evans H.; Gnyawalli, Devy R. (2005). « Firm Competitive Behavior as a determinant of CEO pay: Empirical Evidence from the US pharmaceutical Industry », Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 20, n°5, p335-354.
- Peng, Tzu-Ju Ann; Pike, Stephen; Yang, Johnson Chung-Hsin; Roos, Göran (2011). « Is Cooperation with Competitors a Good Idea? An Example in Practice », British Journal of Management, published online 15 Sept.
- Perroux, François (1982). Dialogue des monopoles et des nations, Grenoble, Presse.
- Powell, Walter W. (1990). « Neither market, nor hierarch: network forms annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews » (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior Greenwich, Conn : JAI Press, 1979, p.295-336.
- Quintana-Carcias, Cristina; BenaviedsVelasco, Carlos A. (2004). « Cooperation, competition and innovative capability: A panel data of European dedicated biotechnology firms », Technovation, vol 24, n°12, p.927-938.
- Ritala, Paavo; Hallikas Jukka; Sissonen, Heli, (2008). « The Effect of Strategic Alliances Between Key Competitors on Firm Performance », Management Research: The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, vol. 6, n°3, p.179-187.
- Singh, Kulwant; Mitchell Will (1996). « Precarious collaboration: Business survival after partners shut down or form new partnerships », Strategic Management Journal, vol. 17, no Summer, NS (215 p.), p99-115.
- Smith, Ken. G.; Grimm, Curtis M; Gannon, Martin J. (1992). Dynamics of competitive strategy, Newsbury Park, CA : Sage.
- Smith, Ken G.; Grimm, Curtis M.; Gannon M. J., Chen, Ming-Jer, (1991). « Organizational information processing: Competitive responses and performance in the U.S. domestic airline industry », Academy of Management Journal, vol. 34, n° 1, p 60-85.
- Thorelli, Hans B. (1986). « Networks: Between Markets and Hierarchies », Strategic Management Journal, vol.7, No.1, pp. 37-51.
- Tomlinson Philip R. (2010), « Co-operative ties and innovation: Some new evidence for UK manufacturing », Research Policy, vol. 39, n° 6, p762–775.
- Yami, Saïd; Castaldo, Sandra; Dagnino Giovanni Battista; Le Roy Frédéric, (2010). Coopetition: winning strategies for the 21st century, Cheltenham : Edward Elgar.
- Young Greg; Smith Ken G; Grimm Curtis M., (1996). « Austrian and Industrial Organization Perspectives on firm-level Competitive Activity and Performance », Organization Science, vol.7, n° 3, p243-254.
- Zaheer, Akbar; Zaheer, Srilata, (1997). « Catching the Wave: Alterness, Responsiveness, and Market Influence in Global Electronic », Networks, Management Science, vol. 43, n°11, p 1493-1509.