Abstracts
Abstract
Internationalization process theories have been dominated by the Uppsala theory and the new venture theory: they provide explanations for slow international growth by mature firms and fast international growth by young firms, but fail to consider other combinations of age and speed. This article sketches a 2*2 matrix and explores the performance differentials of four internationalization patterns. Building on early empirical evidence from the retailing industry (1998-2004), the combination of young and slow internationalization is preferable to other options, while a young age is generally more likely to yield internationalization performance than any combination of mature internationalization with slow or accelerated speed.
Keywords:
- Internationalization Performance,
- Uppsala,
- New Venture Theory,
- Age,
- Speed
Résumé
La littérature sur les processus d’internationalisation a largement été dominée par la théorie d’Uppsala et la théorie des New Ventures : ces deux approches permettent d’expliquer la croissance internationale lente des firmes matures et la croissance internationale rapide des jeunes entreprises, mais restent muettes sur les autres processus d‘internationalisation combinant âge et vitesse de développement international. Cet article esquisse une matrice 2 * 2 et explore les différences de performances entre quatre processus d’internationalisation. Sur la base de données empiriques de l’industrie de la grande distribution au niveau mondial (1998-2004), une croissance internationale lente dès le plus jeune âge semble préférable à toutes les autres options d’internationalisation. Et s’internationaliser jeune favorise la performance internationale plus que n’importe quel processus d’internationalisation à un âge plus mature, que ce processus soit lent ou rapide.
Mots-clés :
- Performance de l’internationalisation,
- Uppsala,
- Théorie des New Ventures,
- Age,
- Vitesse
Resumen
La literatura sobre el proceso de internacionalización ha sido ampliamente dominada por la teoría de Uppsala y la teoría de New Ventures: Ambas teorías contribuyen a explicar el lento crecimiento internacional por parte de las empresas maduras y el rápido de las empresas jóvenes. Sin embargo, tales teorías no tienen en cuenta otras posibles combinaciones de edad y velocidad de internacionalización. Este artículo examina las diferencias de rendimiento de cuatro procesos de internacionalización según una matriz 2 * 2. Un primer análisis de datos empíricos de la industria de la gran distribución (1998-2004), sugiere que la combinación empresa joven e internacionalización lenta es preferible sobre las otras opciones posibles. En términos más generales, la internacionalización de las empresas jóvenes permite un rendimiento internacional mayor que el de las empresas más maduras independientemente de la velocidad de internacionalización de estas últimas.
Palabras clave:
- Rendimiento internacional,
- Uppsala,
- teoría de New Ventures,
- Edad,
- Velocidad
Appendices
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