Abstracts
Abstract
This article discusses how linguistic and translation norms, as evident in dictionaries, enforce the ideology of heteronormativity in Slovenia. The aim of this paper is to show how translation norms concerning homoeroticism were shaped in the translation of classical literature in Slovenia in the twentieth century. Translation norms are shaped in a certain period of time and in a certain environment among translators and others involved in translation according to social and cultural circumstances, expectations, and adaptations of topics to these expectations, in which the translation contrasts the initial norms with the norms of the target culture. At the same time, the linguistic norms of the standard language are created as a result of speakers’ continuous adaptation to a social and cultural environment, as a result of adapting to the current social ideal. It is assumed that translations contributed to creating a model of heteronormativity, which continues to characterize the Slovenian community today because of the limited number of new translations of classical works of literature. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of evidence of homosexuality in Slovenian translations of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice.
Keywords:
- translation norms,
- linguistic norms,
- classical literature,
- heteronormativity,
- Slovenia
Résumé
Le présent article traite de la façon dont les normes linguistiques et de traduction imposent une idéologie de l’hétéronormativité en Slovénie, comme en témoignent les dictionnaires. L’article vise à montrer comment les normes de traduction en matière d’homoérotisme se sont formées dans la traduction des textes classiques de la littérature slovène du xxe siècle. Les normes de traduction, toujours inscrites dans une époque et un lieu donnés, sont formées par les traducteurs et autres agents de la traduction en rapport avec les conditions sociales et culturelles, les attentes et les adaptations des thématiques à ces dernières, les traductions soulignant le contraste entre les normes initiales et celles de la culture cible. De la même façon, la création de la norme linguistique de la langue standard résulte de l’adaptation continue des locuteurs à l’environnement social et culturel, conséquence de l’adaptation à l’idéal social en vigueur. Nous partons de l’hypothèse que les traductions ont contribué à la création d’un modèle hétéronormatif qui, à cause d’une production restreinte de nouvelles traductions des oeuvres classiques, continue à caractériser la communauté slovène d’aujourd’hui. L’article se conclut par une courte analyse de la représentation de l’homosexualité dans les traductions slovènes du Marchand de Venise de Shakespeare.
Mots-clés :
- normes de traduction,
- normes linguistiques,
- littérature classique,
- hétéronormativité,
- Slovénie
Appendices
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