Abstracts
Abstract
In nineteenth‑century Norway there were, as there had been in Britain, a few forward‑thinking collectors who even in the earliest days of the formation of the modern Norwegian nation recognized that cheap, ephemeral documents of street literature like broadside ballads would someday be worth preserving, as significant witnesses to the printing history, local history, everyday reading, and popular culture of their time. One of the largest such collections of so‑called “skillingsviser” formed part of the library of the jurist Thorvald Boeck (1835‑1901), whose large and inclusive collection of Norwegian belles lettres and general literature remained intact after his death and is now an important part of the Gunnerus rare book library in Trondheim.
The ballads represented a kind of history from below, since their annotations on these ballads preserve personages and small incidents from local history that might otherwise have been forgotten. They also represented a kind of print culture that was at once ubiquitous and, because disposable, in danger of being lost. And yet it took a certain kind of foresight to recognize the value of these printed objects, and to preserve them. Drawing on comparative study with Norwegian, Danish, and English collectors; on the memoirs of bookdealers and literary writers of the time; and on the still more material witness of provenance notes, marginalia, and bookplates on the extant ballads themselves, this article works to characterize the motives and collecting practices that led to the ballads’ inclusion in Boeck’s great private library.
Keywords:
- Norwegian book collectors,
- broadside ballads,
- bibliophilia,
- marginalia,
- library history,
- book collecting
Résumé
Il y avait, dans la Norvège du xixe siècle, comme cela avait été le cas en Grande‑Bretagne, quelques collectionneurs visionnaires qui, alors même que la Norvège moderne en était à ses tout débuts, pressentaient que les documents bon marché et éphémères formant la littérature populaire, dont les ballades, valaient la peine d’être préservés, car ils constitueraient dans l’avenir des témoins importants de l’histoire de l’imprimé, de l’histoire locale, des pratiques de lecture et de la culture populaire de leur époque. L’une des plus imposantes collections de ce qu’on appelle skillingsviser se trouvait dans la bibliothèque du juriste Thorvald Boeck (1835‑1901). Cette bibliothèque, connue en outre pour sa collection très exhaustive de belles‑lettres norvégiennes et de littérature générale, fut conservée en l’état après le décès de son propriétaire et constitue de nos jours une part importante de la bibliothèque Gunnerus de livres rares, à Trondheim.
Les ballades incarnaient en quelque sorte une histoire écrite par les classes populaires, puisque les annotations qu’elles y ont laissées perpétuent la mémoire de personnages ou d’incidents appartenant à l’histoire locale qui, autrement, seraient probablement tombés dans l’oubli. Elles représentaient également la manifestation d’une certaine culture de l’imprimé qui, tout aussi répandue fût‑elle jadis, risquait de se perdre, car jetable. Il fallait néanmoins faire preuve de vision pour reconnaître la valeur de ces imprimés et pour choisir de les préserver. Le présent article vise à décrire les motifs et les pratiques de collectionneur qui menèrent à l’inclusion des ballades dans la remarquable bibliothèque privée de Boeck par une comparaison avec d’autres collectionneurs norvégiens, danois et anglais; une analyse de mémoires écrites par des commerçants et des écrivains de l’époque; et la prise en compte de témoins encore plus tangibles que sont les notes sur la provenance, les annotations et les ex‑libris figurant dans les ballades elles‑mêmes.
Mots-clés :
- Collectionneurs de livres en Norvège,
- ballades populaires,
- bibliophilie,
- annotations,
- histoire des bibliothèques,
- collections de livres
Appendices
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