Abstracts
Résumé
En éducation, lorsqu’il faut établir des niveaux pour différencier les apprentissages et les performances des individus, il faut mettre en place des standards de performance. Il existe un grand nombre de méthodes proposées pour élaborer de tels standards. Ces méthodes partagent des points communs, mais ont également des spécificités qui permettent de les classer en quatre grandes catégories en fonction de la tâche demandée aux panélistes experts. Il n’existe pas de méthode universelle pour toutes les situations; la démarche est perfectible et, étant donné la recrudescence de ce type d’opération, elle exige qu’on s’y intéresse attentivement.
Mots-clés :
- Standards,
- performance,
- réussite,
- méthodologie de mesure
Abstract
In education, when one must establish levels that differentiate learning and/or performance of individuals, it is necessary to define standards of performance. There are many proposed methods for developing such standards. These methods share common features, but also have specific characteristics that allow their classification into four main categories, depending on the task requested from the panel of experts. There is no universal method for all situations; the procedures can be improved and, given the increasing frequency of this type of operation, require a high degree of attentive interest.
Keywords:
- Standards,
- performance,
- success,
- measurement methodology
Resumo
Em educação, quando é necessário estabelecer níveis para diferenciar as aprendizagens e os desempenhos dos indivíduos, é preciso definir standards mínimos de desempenho. Existe um grande número de métodos para elaborar tais standards. Este métodos partilham pontos comuns, mas têm igualmente especificidades que permitem classificá-los em quatro grandes categorias, em função da tarefa solicitada ao painel de peritos. Nâo há um método universal para todas as situações; o processo é perfectível e, assumindo que este tipo de operação é cada vez mais frequente, reclama um interesse muito atento.
Palavras chaves:
- Standards,
- desempenho,
- sucesso,
- metodologia de medida
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Appendices
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