Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article analyse les évolutions récentes en ce qui a trait à l’activisme environnemental, et plus particulièrement les mouvements axés sur la reconfiguration des flux matériels (material flows).Le souhait de durabilité a engendré un intérêt à changer la relation matérielle entre les humains, les autres êtres vivants et le monde physique. De plus en plus de groupes écologiques refusent maintenant de prendre part à des pratiques et à des institutions non durables; insatisfaits des solutions purement individualistes et consuméristes, ils accordent une importance croissante à la restructuration des pratiques quotidiennes de distribution, comme l’alimentation durable, l’énergie renouvelable et la fabrication. Cette transition vers un matérialisme plus durable est étudiée à l’aide de trois cadres : un dépassement d’une conception individualiste et centrée sur les valeurs du post-matérialisme pour privilégier les pratiques et les institutions collectives centrées sur la satisfaction des besoins de base; les concepts de gouvernementalité et de biopolitique de Foucault, qui articulent les modes de pouvoir autour de la circulation des choses, de l’information et des individus; et d’un nouvel éthos entourant un matérialisme à la fois vibrant et durable reconnaissant expressément l’immersion humaine dans les systèmes naturels non humains. Ces cadres nous permettent d’observer et d’interpréter des thèmes communs aux nombreuses initiatives, en apparence disparates, visant à remplacer les pratiques non durables et à forger des flux alternatifs.
Mots-clés :
- Environnementalisme,
- mouvements sociaux,
- nouveau matérialisme,
- gouvernementalité,
- post-matérialisme,
- durabilité
Abstract
This article analyzes recent developments in environmental activism, in particular movements focused on reconfiguring material flows. The desire for sustainability has spawned an interest in changing the material relationship between humans, other beings, and the non-human realm. No longer willing to take part in unsustainable practices and institutions, and not satisfied with purely individualistic and consumer responses, a growing focus of environmental movement groups is on restructuring everyday practices of circulation, for example, on sustainable food, renewable energy, and making. The shift to a more sustainable materialism is examined using three frameworks: a move beyond an individualist and value-focused notion of post-materialism, into a focus on collective practices and institutions for the provision of the basic needs of everyday life; Foucault’s conceptions of governmentality and biopolitics, which articulate modes of power around the circulation of things, information, and individuals; and a new ethos around vibrant and sustainable materialism with an explicit recognition of human immersion in non-human natural systems. These frames allow us to see and interpret common themes across numerous, seemingly disparate initiatives focused on replacing unsustainable practices and forging alternative flows.
Keywords:
- Environmentalism,
- social movements,
- new materialism,
- governmentality,
- post-materialism,
- sustainability
Appendices
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