Abstracts
Abstract
Every culture is in conflict; conflict is endemic in the process of culture metamorphosis. This paper examines the paradox that conflict is intrinsic to every culture, yet there is little attention to the ‘culture’ norms in resolving that conflict. There are conflicts within cultures and there are conflicts between cultures. The pioneering scholarship on national cultural traits, by original thinkers such as Hofstede and Ting- Toomey in the 1990s, assisted negotiation and dispute resolution and provided a foundation for cultural differentiation. But much has changed in intercultural understanding since then. We are now aware of enormous variations in values, styles, and customs in defined cultures. Today in the 2020’s we are fast becoming a more global interdependent society with high cultural diversity, declining Western power, and rising Asian-led world order in a new era of commercial influence, high-speed digital robotics, and artificial intelligence.
We are in an unprecedented global pandemic where cultural norms and expectations are under threat, in individualistic and collectivist cultures. We face existential threats from climate change and environmental catastrophes. We need a new mediator playbook for effective intercultural negotiation and issue resolution.
Keywords:
- Culture,
- Intercultural,
- Mediation,
- Competence,
- Respect
Résumé
Chaque culture est en conflit ; Le conflit est endémique dans le processus de métamorphose culturelle. Cet article examine le paradoxe selon lequel le conflit est intrinsèque à chaque culture, et pourtant peu d’attention est portée aux normes de la « culture » dans la résolution de ce conflit. Il existe des conflits au sein des cultures et des conflits entre les cultures. Les recherches pionnières sur les traits culturels nationaux, réalisées par des éclaireurs tels Hofstede et Ting-Toomey dans les années 1990, ont facilité les négociations et la résolution des différends et ont jeté les bases de la différenciation culturelle. Mais depuis lors, beaucoup de choses ont changé dans la compréhension interculturelle. Nous sommes désormais conscients d’énormes variations de valeurs, de styles et de coutumes dans des cultures définies. Aujourd’hui, dans les années 2020, nous sommes en train de devenir rapidement une société interdépendante de plus en plus mondiale, caractérisée par une grande diversité culturelle, une puissance occidentale en déclin et un ordre mondial croissant dirigé par l’Asie, dans une nouvelle ère d’influence commerciale, de robotique numérique à haut débit et d’intelligence artificielle.
Nous sommes confrontés à une pandémie mondiale sans précédent où les normes et attentes culturelles sont menacées, dans des cultures individualistes et collectivistes. Nous sommes confrontés à des menaces existentielles liées au changement climatique et aux catastrophes environnementales. Nous avons besoin d’un nouveau manuel de médiation pour une négociation interculturelle et une résolution des problèmes efficaces.
Mots-clés :
- Culture,
- Interculturel,
- Médiation,
- Compétence,
- Respect
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Appendices
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