Abstracts
Abstract
In previous publications, gamelan culture has often been associated with heterophonic characteristics. In this paper, I want to show its greater diversity through the analysis of several examples that represent the diversity of music and ensembles in Bali. I also want to demonstrate that the distinction between heterophonic and polyphonic has nothing to do with the melodic characteristics and melodic innovation of Balinese gamelan. In fact, much Balinese music displays polyphonic characteristics. I argue that Balinese music evades general categorization because it often occupies a liminal space between these two textural categories of heterophony and polyphony. In Balinese music, we are faced with a rich and diverse musical culture, which cannot be boxed into a single category.
Keywords:
- elaboration,
- layers,
- payasan,
- Balinese music
Résumé
Dans les publications précédentes, la culture du gamelan a souvent été associée à des caractéristiques hétérophoniques. Dans cet article, je souhaite montrer sa plus grande diversité à travers l’analyse de plusieurs exemples qui représentent la diversité de la musique et des ensembles à Bali. Je souhaite également démontrer que la distinction entre hétérophonie et polyphonie n’a rien à voir avec les caractéristiques mélodiques et l’innovation mélodique du gamelan balinais. En fait, une grande partie de la musique balinaise présente des caractéristiques polyphoniques. Je soutiens que la musique balinaise échappe à toute catégorisation générale parce qu’elle occupe souvent un espace liminaire entre ces deux catégories textuelles que sont l’hétérophonie et la polyphonie. Dans la musique balinaise, nous sommes confrontés à une culture musicale riche et diversifiée, qui ne peut être enfermée dans une seule catégorie.
Mots-clés :
- élaboration,
- couches,
- payasan,
- musique balinaise
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Appendices
Biographical note
I Wayan Sudirana is a composer and ethnomusicologist who graduated from the University of British Columbia, Canada. He diligently studied ancient music in Bali. In addition, he also studied many world music traditions, such as Samulnori music from Korea, ensemble drumming from Ghana West Africa, South Indian drumming traditions, and also some Western classical music. With this experience, he developed his music with a strong foundation to seek a new identity in the realm of new music for gamelan. Sudirana has written two books about gamelan Gong Luang and edited a book about Gabor, a genre in Gamelan Gong Kebyar tradition. He has written many articles published in journals with the theme of traditional approaches in studying Balinese gamelan and world music, and new music development in Bali and Indonesia. His current research is focused on the development of new music in Bali and the ancient Balinese manuscript of Gamelan philosophy and theory.
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