Abstracts
Résumé
Les médias numériques, et plus particulièrement les médias sociaux, occupent une place de plus en plus importante dans les stratégies marketing des PME. Ils sont un moyen de connecter les différentes parties prenantes (employés, clients, partenaires) autour du projet de l’entreprise et remplissent plusieurs fonctions (communication, recrutement, vente, partenariats). Dans certains cas, ces médias font même partie de l’identité de l’entreprise : c’est le cas des TPE natives du numérique, qui utilisent les médias sociaux avant même le lancement officiel de leur activité. Pourtant, leurs pratiques d’utilisation de ces plateformes restent encore peu étudiées. À travers dix-huit entretiens menés avec des fondateurs de TPE natives du numérique, cette recherche s’attache à comprendre quelles sont leurs pratiques de gestion des plateformes de médias sociaux, quels rôles jouent ces plateformes et comment pratiques et rôles évoluent au fil du développement de la TPE. Les résultats montrent le rôle central des ressources relationnelles (en particulier de la communauté) dans la mise en place de l’activité et dans sa pérennisation. Nous identifions les pratiques permettant de construire une communauté solide et de l’utiliser ensuite pour acquérir de nouvelles ressources, indispensables à la croissance de l’entreprise, et proposons un cadre organisateur décrivant leur évolution dans le temps.
Mots-clés :
- Médias sociaux,
- TPE,
- Pratiques marketing,
- Marketing entrepreneurial,
- Ressources marketing
Abstract
Digital media are becoming increasingly important in the marketing strategies of SMEs, particularly social media. They are a way to connect different stakeholders (employees, customers, partners) and are used for several purposes (communication, recruitment, sales, partnerships). In some cases, these media are even part of the company’s identity: this is the case of digital native SMEs, who use social media even before the official launch of their business. However, we still don’t know much about their concrete practices in using these platforms. We interviewed eighteen founders of digital native SMEs, to understand how they manage their social media platforms. Results show the central role of relational resources (in particular the community) both in the establishment of the activity and in the long run. We identify the concrete practices that help build a solid community and then use it to acquire new resources to make the company grow over time.
Keywords:
- Social media,
- SME,
- Marketing practices,
- Entrepreneurship marketing,
- Marketing resources
Resumen
Los medios digitales, y las redes sociales en particular, desempeñan un papel cada vez más importante en las estrategias de marketing de las PyME. Son una forma de conectar a las distintas partes interesadas (empleados, clientes, socios) en torno al proyecto de la empresa y cumplen varias funciones (comunicación, contratación, ventas, asociaciones). En algunos casos, estos medios forman parte incluso de la identidad de la empresa: es el caso de las microempresas nativas digitales, que utilizan las redes sociales antes de lanzar oficialmente su negocio. Sin embargo, se han realizado pocos estudios sobre el uso que hacen de estas plataformas. A través de dieciocho entrevistas con fundadores de microempresas nativas digitales, este estudio pretende comprender sus prácticas de gestión de plataformas de medios sociales, el papel que desempeñan estas plataformas y cómo evolucionan las prácticas y los papeles a medida que se desarrolla la empresa. Los resultados muestran el papel central que desempeñan los recursos relacionales (en particular, la comunidad) tanto en la creación de la empresa como en su mantenimiento. Identificamos las prácticas que permiten construir una comunidad sólida y luego utilizarla para adquirir nuevos recursos, esenciales para el crecimiento de la empresa, y proponemos un marco organizativo que describe su evolución a lo largo del tiempo.
Palabras clave:
- Redes sociales,
- PyME,
- Prácticas de marketing,
- Marketing empresarial,
- Recursos de marketing
Appendices
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