Abstracts
Résumé
La reprise d’entreprise est un processus de socialisation au cours duquel le repreneur doit convaincre de nombreux acteurs, internes et externes à l’entreprise reprise, de sa légitimité. Considérant que les recherches précédentes ne tiennent pas compte de l’influence du genre dans le vécu des repreneurs, nous cherchons à mieux comprendre comment les stéréotypes liés au genre féminin influencent la construction de la légitimité des femmes qui reprennent une entreprise. Nous avons pour cela analysé quatorze cas de reprise d’entreprise par des femmes, avec ou sans lien familial avec le cédant (filles, employées et repreneuses externes). Cette recherche met en évidence une influence négative indéniable des stéréotypes de genre sur la construction de la légitimité des repreneuses tout au long du processus de reprise. Elle identifie alors quatre stratégies mobilisées par les repreneuses pour faire face à ces stéréotypes et gagner en légitimité. La présente étude est la première à examiner les spécificités de la reprise par les femmes dans d’autres contextes que la reprise intrafamiliale et sur l’ensemble du processus de reprise. Les résultats sont précieux pour les femmes désireuses de reprendre une entreprise, mais aussi pour leur entourage professionnel et personnel.
Mots-clés :
- Processus de reprise d’entreprise,
- Succession familiale et non familiale,
- Genre,
- Successeurs féminins
Abstract
The takeover of a company is a process of socialisation during which the buyer must convince many actors, both internal and external to the company, of his or her legitimacy. Considering that previous research does not take into account the influence of gender in the experience of the buyer, we seek to better understand how stereotypes linked to the female gender influence the construction of the legitimacy of women successors. We analysed 14 cases of business takeovers by women, with or without family ties to the seller (daughters, employees and external buyers). This research highlights the undeniable negative influence of gender stereotypes on the construction of the legitimacy of women buyers throughout the takeover process. It then identifies four strategies mobilised by the female buyers to face these stereotypes and gain legitimacy. This study is the first empirical study to examine the specificities of women buyers in contexts other than family takeovers and in all phases of the takeover process. The results are valuable for the women buyers but also for their professional and personal environment.
Keywords:
- Business transfer process,
- Family and non-family succession,
- Gender,
- Female successors
Resumen
La adquisición de una empresa es un proceso de socialización durante el cual el comprador debe convencer de su legitimidad a numerosos actores, tanto internos como externos a la empresa adquirida. Considerando que las investigaciones anteriores no tienen en cuenta la influencia del género en la experiencia de las tomas de control, tratamos de comprender mejor cómo influyen los estereotipos ligados al género femenino en la construcción de la legitimidad de las mujeres. Analizamos 14 casos de adquisiciones de empresas por parte de mujeres, con o sin vínculos familiares con el vendedor (hijas, empleadas y adquisiciones externas). Esta investigación pone de relieve la innegable influencia negativa de los estereotipos de género en la construcción de la legitimidad de las mujeres compradoras a lo largo del proceso de adquisición. À continuación, identificamos cuatro estrategias movilizadas por las compradoras para hacer frente a estos estereotipos y ganar legitimidad. Se trata del primer estudio empírico que examina las especificidades de las mujeres compradoras en contextos distintos de las adquisiciones familiares y en todas las fases del proceso de adquisición. Los resultados son valiosos para las mujeres compradoras, pero también para su entorno profesional y personal.
Palabras clave:
- Proceso de adquisición de empresas,
- Sucesión familiar y no familiar,
- Género,
- Sucesoras
Appendices
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